复垦矿区土壤有机碳和微生物活性变化及其解析  

The Changes and Analysis of Organic Carbon and Microbial Activity in Reclaimed Soil in Mine Area

作　　者：尹宁宁[1] 王丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《环境科技》2014年第6期5-8,13,共5页Environmental Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部重点实验室开放基金(CPEUKF06-04);江苏省省级环保科技项目(2007024)

摘　　要：以适当比例混合煤矸石、粉煤灰和活性污泥并种植黑麦草构建植物-矿区复合基质体系,测试复合基质有机碳及酶活性变化,利用群落水平生理结构(CLPP)对复合基质微生物功能多样性进行解析,分析了矿区复合基质中有机碳动态变化及其与酶活性、微生物多样性关系。结果表明:植物-矿区复合基质体系3种基质中有机碳随复垦年限增长而增加,且在第3年煤矸石+粉煤灰+污泥(F+G+S)区有机碳达到最大,分别是煤矸石+粉煤灰(F+G)区和对照区的1.1和1.2倍。3个复垦区域复合基质中蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶酶活性随复垦时间增长而增加。微生物多样性CLPP解析结果表明,微生物种类在复垦1年时最多,微生物优势度和均一性随复垦时间逐渐变大;同时3个区域基质微生物多样性与营养元素相关性不大,可能有机碳可获得性低成为微生物生长的限制因子。The plant-mining complex substrate system was carried out by appropriate proportion of mixed coal gangue,fly ash and activated sludge, at the same time perennial ryegrass were also planted. The organic carbon and enzymatic activity of composite substrate was tested and the microbial diversity was analyzed by using community level physiological profile（CLPP）. The objective of this paper was to explore the dynamic changes of organic carbon and its relation with enzymatic activity and microbial diversity. Results show that organic carbon in three kinds of complex substrates of plant-mining complex substrate system increased with reclamation time. At the 3rd year of reclamation, the amount of organic carbon in area mixed with fly ash, coal gangue and sludge（F＋G＋S） reached the maximum, which is 1.1 and 1.2 times than the area of fly ash＋coal gangue（F ＋G） and control respectively. The enzyme activity of sucrase, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase increases with reclamation time in three composite substrate reclamation areas. Microbial diversity analytical results showed that the microbial diversity in the first year ofreclamation was the highest, while the Simpson and Mc Intosh indexes grow larger over time. Meanwhile, the microbial diversity was related to soil nutrients; the reason may be that the low level of SOC restricts the growth of microbes.

关 键 词：复垦矿区土壤 矿区复合基质 有机碳 酶活性 群落水平生理结构 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]