固液混合火箭发动机在武器与航天领域的应用  

Application of hybrid rocket engine in the fields of weapons and space launching

作　　者：赵庆华 王莉莉 刘欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙合成化工研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]中国航天科工动力技术院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《火箭推进》2014年第6期59-63,共5页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

摘　　要：系统介绍了固液混合火箭发动机的主要特点及其应用。固液混合火箭发动机具有能量高、容易进行推力调节、可多次启动、可靠性高、安全性好、成本低等优点。在武器领域用做导弹的发动机,可使导弹具有射程远、突防能力强、低易损、易于实现能量管理等优点;用于军用航天器的轨道机动发动机,可具有优良的轨道机动性能;在民用航天领域可以用做运载火箭助推器,不仅能量高、环境友好,而且对于载人航天而言具有突出的安全性能;用于上面级发动机则具有多次启动、轨道机动能力强、在轨工作时间长等优点;用于姿轨控发动机和变推力发动机具有推力调节精确、绿色环保等优点。总之,固液混合火箭可满足航天技术发展对多种高性能发动机的需求。通过分析提出了发展固液混合火箭发动机的若干建议。The main characteristics and applications of hybrid rocket engine are introduced. Hybrid rocket engine had the advantages such as high reliability, high energy, easier for thrust control, safety and low cost. In the field of weapons, it can be used as motor of missile, which can make the missile have advantages of long firing range, strong defense penetration, low vulnerability, and can also be used as orbital maneuvering engine of military spacecraft, which can bring about excellent orbital maneuvering performance. In the field of aerospace, it can be used as booster and launch vehicle, and has high energy and environmental friendly advantages. It has outstanding safety performance in manned space flight. It can also be used as upper stage engine with the advantages of excellent restart capability, high orbital maneuvering performance and long working life in orbit. When used as attitude or trajectory control motor and variable thrust engine, it has the advantage of accurate thrust regulation and is environmentally benign. The hybrid rocket engine can meet the needs of space technology development for high-performance engine. Based on above-mentioned analysis, several proposals about development of hybrid rocket engine are offered.

关 键 词：固液混合火箭发动机 航天发射 导弹 能量管理 推力调节 

分 类 号：V436-34[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]