旋转机械气压液体式不平衡振动故障靶向自愈调控系统  

Rotating Machinery Targeting Self-recovery Regulation System for Imbalance Vibration Fault with Liquid-transfer Active Balancing Device

作　　者：潘鑫[1] 吴海琦[1] 高金吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学诊断与自愈工程研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第1期146-152,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2012CB026000);国家自然科学基金重点(51135001)资助项目

摘　　要：质量不平衡是旋转机械最常见的故障之一。为了使转子在运行过程中可以自行消除不平衡振动故障,利用气压液体式自动平衡装置构建靶向自愈调控系统,运行中实时监测诊断转子的振动故障,快速准确地计算转子不平衡量,并进行智能决策,有确定目标地向相应储液腔中注入压缩空气,驱动储液腔中的液体进行定向转移,进而改变和转子同步旋转的平衡盘的质量分布,产生旋转离心自愈力来抵消转子的不平衡故障力,使转子不平衡故障在线自愈。针对旋转机械对平衡盘安装位置的不同要求,介绍轴间和轴端安装两种结构,并分别搭建立式和卧式转子试验台,进行在线自动平衡性能试验。结果表明,两种平衡结构均可在15 s内快速降低转子的振动幅值,降幅均在90%以上。Mass imbalance is one of the common faults for rotating machinery. In order to eliminate the imbalance fault of rotor automatically in the process of operation, a targeting self-recovery regulation system is constructed by using liquid-transfer active balancing device. The system monitors and diagnoses the vibration fault of rotor in real time, calculates the unbalance mass rapidly and accurately and makes an intelligent decision. Compressed air is then injected to targeting chambers, which drives balancing liquid to transfer between opposite chambers and changes the mass distribution of balancing disc corotating with rotor. It makes the balancing disc form a rotating centrifugal self-recovery force to overcome the imbalance force of rotor and makes the imbalance fault self-recover. According to the different requirements for installation positions, two structures are introduced： one can be installed in the middle of rotor and the other can be installed at two ends of the rotor. Two experimental devices are constructed and active balancing experiments are also carded out to test these two structures. The results demonstrate that the two structures can both reduce the amplitudes of unbalance vibration by more than 90% within 15 s.

关 键 词：旋转机械 不平衡故障 自动平衡 气压液体式 靶向自愈 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB123[理学—工程力学]