妊娠不同时期孕妇对运动的认知及现状调查  

Physical activity perceptions and behaviors of pregnant women during different trimesters

作　　者：尹亚楠[1] 罗碧如[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院护理部,四川成都610041

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2015年第2期17-20,共4页

摘　　要：目的了解妊娠不同时期孕妇对运动的认知程度及运动方式,为进一步有针对性地指导孕妇合理运动提供依据。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取成都市某妇女儿童专科医院门诊进行产前检查的妊娠早期、中期、晚期孕妇各396例,采用自行设计的问卷进行运动认知及运动方式调查。结果 55.30%孕妇能认识到孕期不合理运动的危害,82.36%能认识到孕期合理运动的好处,55.73%有信心进行孕期运动,但同时也面临着不同程度的障碍,如个人习惯、工作太忙、对运动知识不了解等;散步和爬楼梯是孕妇最主要的运动方式;不同妊娠时间孕妇散步、慢跑、游泳参与率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论大多数孕妇能认识到孕期合理运动的好处以及不合理运动的危害,且有信心进行运动,但仍受多种因素的影响;同时,孕妇的运动方式过于单一,存在安全顾虑。医护人员应加大孕期运动安全的指导,结合孕妇的实际情况,指导其选择安全、有效的孕期运动方式。Objective To examine perceptions of physical activity in pregnant women during different trimesters and their physical activity patterns, and to provide evidences for reasonable physical activity instructions. Methods Women in the early, middle, and late pregnancy were selected by using convenience sampling method from a women＇s and children＇s hospital in Chengdu when they attended for prenatal examination, with 396 cases in each trimester. And then they were required to finish a self-designed questionnaire concerning their perceptions and behaviors of physical activity. Results About 55. 3000 of the sample knew the potential harm of unreasonable physical activity, 82.36% understood the benefits of healthy physical activities, and 55. 73Y00 had confidence in pregnancy exercise. The barriers to pregnancy exercise were personal habits, busy work, and shortage of knowledge about pregnancy exercise, etc. Walking and stair-climbing were the main exercise that pregnant women participated in. The rates of walking, jogging, and swimming bad significant differences among women in different trimesters （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The majority of pregnant women know the benefits of reasonable exercise and the potential harm of unreasonable exercise, and have confidence in pregnancy exercise. Meanwhile, their participation in physical exercise is affected by many factors, and their physical activity patterns should be enriched. Nursing staff should provide pregnant women education on pregnancy exercise, and instruct them to choose safe and effective physical activities according to their actual situations.

关 键 词：孕妇 妊娠期运动 运动方式 认知 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]