南京地区秋季灰霾天气特征及其水溶性离子分析  

Characteristics Analysis of Haze and Water-soluble Ion in Nanjing in Autumn

作　　者：葛顺[1] 汤莉莉[1] 秦玮[1] 丁铭[1] 陈敏东[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210036 [2]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第2期99-104,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2012771);江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目(11KJA170002);江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金项目)(BK2012884);江苏省监测科研基金项目(1016)

摘　　要：文章利用PM2.5颗粒物质量浓度分析仪(MET ONE 1020)、气溶胶激光雷达(Sigma MPL-4B)、气溶胶在线离子分析仪(Marga1S)于2013年秋季在江苏省环境监测中心6楼顶对大气细粒子(PM2.5)、大气边界层、气溶胶化学组分的进行系统的同步观测与分析,研究表明2013年11月期间,南京发生5次霾污染过程,当月PM2.5日均值浓度高达192.4μg/m3;灰霾期间,能见度较低,近地面出现消光层,大部分时间段消光值大于0.4;灰霾期间无秸秆焚烧事件,K+浓度的可能来源于土壤,SO42-、NO3-、NH4+3种离子均值占比分别为27.8%、38.1%、21.6%;此外,南京地区存在严重的二次转化,灰霾期间SOR和NOR值分别为0.388和0.276,移动源对大气污染的贡献也越来越显著,[NO3-]/[SO42-]月均值为1.28;后向轨迹推算表明,第1次、第3次、第5次灰霾期间大气污染物主要来自于南京的西北方向,第2次和第4次灰霾期间大气污染主要来自于南京的西南方向。Real-time measurements of PM2.5, atmospheric boundary layer, extinction coefficient and aerosol chemical composition in PM2.5 such as K^＋, Ca^2＋, Na^＋, Mg^2＋, NH4^＋, SO4^2-, NO3^-, Cl^- were monitored at the 6th floor of the building of Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Centre（JSEM） in Autumn 2013 by using mass concentration analyzer of PM2.5 （MET ONE 1020） and micropulse lidar （Sigma MPL-4B ）and monitor for aerosols and gases（Marga 1S）. Results showed that five episodes of haze pollution occurred in Nanjing during November 2013, with the highest daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 up to 192.4 μg/m^3. During the haze, the visibility was low, extinction layer was occurred near the ground and extinction values was more than 0.4 in the most time of haze, and there was no straw burning event during the haze. The mass concentration of K^＋ was probably from the soil, the percent of the monthly average mass concentrations of SO4^2-, NO3^-, NH4^＋ were 27.8%,38.1%, 21.6% respectively. Moreover, the second conversion was serious, especially in the heavy pollution which SOR and NOR were 0.388 and 0.276 respectively, implying that contribution of mobile source to the air pollution is more and more obvious, with monthly average of [NO3^-]/[SO4^2-] as 1.28. Backward trajectory calculation shows that, the air pollutants of the first, the third and the fifth heavy pollution weather mainly came from northwest of Nanjing, while the second and the fourth mainly came from southwest of Nanjing.

关 键 词：灰霾天气 PM2.5 边界层 水溶性离子 南京 

分 类 号：X31[环境科学与工程—环境工程]