禽类MC1R基因的生物信息学分析  

Bioinformatics Analysis on MC1R Gene in Poultry

作　　者：王雪娇[1,2] 张桂贤[1] 崔丽君[1] 王烨[1] 刘宇[1] 刘伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京100083

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期17-23,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西农业大学大学生科技创新项目(11-037);山西农业大学校育种基金(410600)

摘　　要：控制动物黑色素合成的黑素皮质素1型受体(melanocortin 1receptor,MC1R)基因被认为是影响禽类羽色的主要候选基因之一。以NCBI数据库上发表的家鸡、日本鹌鹑等17个动物种类(15种禽类)MC1R的mRNA序列及氨基酸序列为基础进行生物信息学分析,包括蛋白质基本理化性质分析、信号肽预测、磷酸化位点预测、跨膜区结构预测、高级结构预测、序列比对及系统树构建。结果表明:17个物种,尤其是15种禽类,MC1R蛋白质理化性质及结构非常相似,它们都属于跨膜蛋白,无信号肽和N端糖基化位点。但它们之间仍存在差别,如等电点、吸光系数、脂溶指数和总平均疏水系数等。三级结构的明显差异,主要表现在跨膜区连接处。由构建的系统树可知,17个物种中15种禽类分属一类,小鼠与斑马鱼明显与之不同。在15种禽类中,9种雁形目动物为一类,5种鸡形目动物为一类,朱鹮单独成为一类。此结果为进一步研究MC1R基因的生物学功能奠定了基础。Melanocortin 1 receptor （MCIR） gene is a key gene in melanogenesis in animal and a vital gene for plumage coloration. Based on MC1R amino acids and mRNA sequences of 17 species released by NCBI, we used bioinformatic software and internet resource to make analysis of MC1R protein characteristics, including elementary physicochemical property, presence and location of signal peptide, phosphorylation sites, transmembrane regions, the secondary protein structure and the protein tertiary structure. According to the results of multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree was constructed. It showed that though MC1R proteins of 17 species were all belong to membrane protein which had 7 transmembrane domains and lack of clearly N-glycosylation site and signal peptide, they had differences in some aspects such as isoelectric point, absorptivity, aliphatic index and average hydrophobic coefficient. In addition, they had vary tertiary structures. On the basis of phylogenetic tree, 15 kinds of poultry belong to a compact group and they could be divided into three major groups, one contains 9 species which belong to Anseriformes, another contains 5 species which belong to Galliformes, and Nipponia nippon itself belong to a group that was Ciconiiformes. The result laid a foundation for further studying the MC1R gene biology function.

关 键 词：MC1R基因 分子进化 鸡形目 雁形目 鹳形目 

分 类 号：S839[农业科学—畜牧学]