2013年医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in 2013

作　　者：张玲[1] 闫迎明[1] 刑晓冰 田巧薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]晋中市第二人民医院医院感染管理科,山西晋中030800

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第4期842-844,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：山西省卫生厅基金资助项目(20111111)

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染的现状,对医院感染的发生与变化、抗菌药物使用和病原体的检出情况,为预防和控制感染提供科学依据。方法采用床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法,调查2013年8月1日0∶00-24∶00该院所有住院患者临床资料,数据采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行分析。结果应查住院患者605例,实查605例,实查率为100.00%,发生医院感染19例,感染现患率为3.14%,以综合ICU感染现患率较高,为18.18%;感染部位以下呼吸道居首位,其次为手术部位、泌尿道,分别占36.84%、21.05%、15.79%;共检出病原菌13株,其中肠杆菌属6株,铜绿假单胞菌3株,大肠埃希菌、变形菌属、柠檬酸杆菌属和不动杆菌属各1株;抗菌药物使用207例,使用率为34.21%,其中治疗用药103例占49.76%,预防用药76例占36.71%,预防+治疗用药28例占13.53%,一联使用175例占84.54%,二联使用31例占14.98%,三联使用1例占0.48%;病原学送检率为19.84%。结论医院感染现患率调查能够简单快速反映出医院感染实际情况、抗菌药物使用及病原菌送检率,为制定医院感染预防与控制措施提供依据。OBJECTIVE To understand the status,occurrence and changes of nosocomial infections,the use of antibacterial drugs and pathogenic detection,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of infection.METHODS By combination of the clinical investigation and case study,all patients who were hospitalized between 0∶00and 24∶00of Aug.1,2013 were investigated.The clinical data were analyzed through SPSS13.0.RESULTS A total of 605 cases were to survey,and 605 patients were surveyed,so the actual investigation rate was 100.00%.With 19 cases of infections,the prevalence rate was 3.14%,among which the high prevalence rate was in synthesis ICU infections,reaching 18.18%.Respiratory tract infections ranked first in the following infected area,with infection rate of 36.84%,followed by the operation sites and urinary tract,covering 21.05%and 15.79% respectively.Totally 13 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in all,with 6 Enerobacter,3Pseudomonas aeruginosa,1 Escherichia coli,1 Proteus,1 Citrobacter,and 1 Acinetobacter.Antibacterial drug use were 207 cases,with the rate of 34.21%,among which drugs for treatment were 103 cases,accounting for 49.76%,preventive medication,76 cases,accounting for 36.71%,prevent plus treatment were 28 cases,accounting for 13.53%.There were 175（84.54%）patients who took one-drug,31（14.98%）cases who took two-drug,and 1（0.48%）case who with three-drug.The pathogenic rate was 19.84%.CONCLUSION These investigations can help us understanding the nosocomial infection situation,the antibiotics using cases and the pathogenic detection rate in a short time,and provide us with bases for making prevention and control measures of hospital infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 调查分析 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]