毛细支气管炎患儿医院感染危险因素分析  

Analysis on the risk factors of nosocomial infections in children with bronchiolitis

作　　者：李茜梅[1] 吴素玲[1] 石彩晓[2] 李冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州市儿童医院呼吸科二病区,河南郑州450053 [2]郑州市儿童医院护理部,河南郑州450053

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第4期934-936,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南科技厅重点基金资助项目(20130527)

摘　　要：目的分析毛细支气管炎患儿医院感染相关因素,评估治疗疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。方法选择2012年8月-2013年8月住院期间感染患儿132例,分析感染病毒、病原菌种类及相关因素,评价治疗后的疗效,应用SPSS 15.0统计软件进行数据分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果 132例毛细支气管炎患儿中,108例患儿属于病毒感染,占81.82%,共检测出病毒116株,其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)检出最多占46.55%,其次为柯萨奇病毒(CBV)占9.48%;24例患儿属于病原菌感染,占18.18%,共检测出病原菌34株,其中大肠埃希菌检出最多占41.18%,其次为金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占32.35%、17.65%;男性、年龄≤6个月、早产儿、父母有呼吸道疾病等的患儿发生医院感染的比例高于女性、年龄≤6个月、非早产儿和父母无呼吸道疾病患儿,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗和护理7d后,治愈94例、好转36例、无效2例,有效率为98.48%。结论毛细支气管炎患儿发生医院感染受多种因素影响,不同患儿感染的感染源不同,需要不同的针对性治疗,同时进行合理的护理干预,能够有效控制病情并较快治愈康复。OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infections in children with bronchiolitis,evaluate treatment efficacy and to provide reference for clinical treatment.METHODS Totally 132 children with bronchiolitis during Aug.2012 to Aug.2013 were selected,the pathogenic bacteria,virus infection,and related factors were analyzed,the curative effect after treatment was evaluated.The software SPSS 15.0 was used for statistical analysis and theχ2 test was used for enumeration data.RESULTS Among the 132 children with bronchiolitis,108 children were detected to be virus infected（81.82%）,a total of 116 strains of the virus were detected,mainly including respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）accounting for 46.55%,followed by Coxsackie virus（CBV）9.48%.A total of 24 cases were due to pathogenic bacteria accounting for 18.18%,and a total of 34 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,Escherichia coli accounting for the most,up to 41.18%,followed by Staphylococcus aureus（32.35%）,and Klebsiella pneumoniae（17.65%）.The incidence of nosocomial infections in males,children with age≤6 months,premature,children whose parents had respiratory diseases was significantly higher than that in female,children older than 6 months,non-premature,and children whose parents had no respiratory diseases（P〈0.05）.After treatment,94 cases were cured,36 cases improved,2cases ineffective,the efficiency was 98.48%.CONCLUSIONThere are various factors influencing nosocomial infections in children with bronchiolitis,and different infections in children have different infective sources which call for different targeted therapies.Meanwhile,reasonable nursing intervention should be taken to effectively control the disease condition and achieve rapid recovery.

关 键 词：小儿 毛细支气管炎 感染 病毒 

分 类 号：R562.21[医药卫生—呼吸系统]