那本“褪色的褐皮书”——从摩尔看伍尔夫的哲学观  

Virginia Woolf's Philosophy through G.E.Moore 40

作　　者：李博婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学软件与微电子学院,北京102600

出　　处：《外国文学》2015年第1期40-50,157-158,共11页Foreign Literature

摘　　要：对小说家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的哲学思想的研究颇多争论,但常忽视她对英国实证主义哲学家G.E.摩尔的复杂态度。本文通过细读伍尔夫的小说、日记和书信,提出以下观点:摩尔哲学是伍尔夫哲学认知的起点,其"意识状态"的提法更是影响了伍尔夫以"存在的瞬间"为结晶的创作理念,但摩尔的实证哲学不符合伍尔夫贯穿始终的表象之下有本质、本质才是真正存在的认识。此外,她对自我的关注超越了二元对立的哲学传统,她深感兴趣的心理也并非弗洛伊德意义上的心理学。她强调瞬间的感悟对个体存在以及人生价值的重要意义,并以文学的含糊多义拒绝哲学的明晰确凿,体现了文学家对教条的怀疑以及视文学为终极超越的信念。Critical study of Virginia Woolf's philosophy tends to ignore the complex response she makes to theEnglish philosopher G.E.Moore.Through a close reading of her novels,diary and letters,the present article proposes that Moore is the starting point of Woolf's philosophical explorations and that Moore's'state of consciousness'impacts Woolf's crystallization of 'moments of being'as her ultimate literary epistemology.However,Moore's'diaphanousness'of consciousness is markedly different from Woolf's advocacy that behind the appearances is the essence of being.Besides,her preference for ambiguity to his hair-splitting analytical argumentation and clarity of expression characterizes their different styles.In addition,her obsession with the'self'not just displaces the binary tradition,but the psychology she is interested in not Freudian.This demonstrates her suspicion of all dogmas and her belief in literature as the transcendence of all dogmas,either religious or philosophical.

关 键 词：伍尔夫 摩尔 哲学 心理学 意识 存在的瞬间 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]