含氟季铵盐的动态界面张力性能和润湿铺展性能  

Study on the Dynamic Interfacial Tension and Wetting Spreading Performance of the Fluorinated Quaternary Ammonium Salts

作　　者：杨铃[1] 徐运欢[2] 毛桃嫣[2,3] 林璟[2,3] 郑成[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]广东轻工职业技术学院轻化工程系,广东广州510300 [2]广州大学化学化工学院,广东广州510006 [3]广州大学精细化工研究所,广东广州510006

出　　处：《精细化工》2015年第2期139-143,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B010101023)~~

摘　　要：含氟季铵盐表面活性剂是一类具有高表面活性、高耐热稳定性、高化学稳定性和憎水、憎油等特殊性能的表面活性剂。该文通过测定不同时间、不同种类的油相、不同质量分数的表面活性剂以及不同无机盐添加比例对油水界面张力的影响以及不同浓度的含氟季铵盐表面活性剂水溶液在石蜡、金属铁等不同固体表面上的接触角，对其动态界面张力以及润湿铺展性能进行了研究。结果表明：界面张力值通常在10min后基本达到平衡，且用渤61。油做油相时，界面张力值较低，效果比较好；随着表面活性剂质量分数的增加，界面张力先减小，达到一个最低值后渐渐趋于平缓；无机盐的加入使得界面张力先降后升，在NaCl质量浓度为50～80g／L内均降至低界面张力，最低值达No．0531mN／m；同时，在典型的具有强疏水性的低能表面石蜡上的铺展性能优良。该研究为其在水溶性场合的应用提供了实验数据。Fluorinated quaternary ammonium salts are surfactants ,which exhibit some unusual physico- chemical properties, such as high surface activity, high thermal stability, and hydrophobic and oleophobic property. In this paper, the effect of the different reaction time, different kinds of oil phase, different mass fraction and different inorganic salt addition ratio on the oil-water interfacial tension was intensively examined. The contact angle formed by different concentration of fluorinated quaternary ammonium salts was also examined to investigate the performance of the wetting spreading on the different solid surface such as paraffin and iron. The results show that the interfacial tension usually achieved basic balance after 10 minutes, and better effect and lower interfacial tension were obtained when bohai 61# oil was used. With the increase of surfactant mass fraction, the interracial tension was reduced to a minimum, which gradually lapsed into a smooth level. The addition of the inorganic salt made the interfacial tension of the solution first decrease and then increase, and the ultra-low interfacial tension appeared in the scope of Sodium chloride concentration of 50 - 80 g/L, with the minimum value of 0. 053 1 mN/m. Meanwhile, excellent wetting spreading performance was achieved on the typical surface of the wax which had low energy and strong hydrophobicity. This research provided the experimental data for its application in water-soluble circumstances.

关 键 词：含氟季铵盐 表面活性剂 动态界面张力 接触角 湿润铺展性能 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]