乌鲁木齐市能源结构调整对冬季大气污染物浓度的影响  

Effects of Energy Restructuring on Air Pollutant Concentrations in Winter in Urumqi

作　　者：魏疆[1] 陈学刚[2] 任泉 张克磊[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]乌鲁木齐市天山区气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]新疆农业大学草业和环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2015年第1期155-160,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41161074;41161029)

摘　　要：2012年乌鲁木齐市耗资121亿元对冬季采暖的能源结构进行调整,旨在改善冬季严重大气污染状况,提高大气环境质量。能源结构的调整势必导致大气污染物浓度的变化。选取通常污染最严重的1月为研究时段,对2009年和2013年相同时段大气污染物的日均浓度进行对比分析。结果显示:能源结构调整后,SO2浓度下降显著,各区域间的降幅也存在差异;NO2浓度呈增加趋势,增加幅度各异;PM10的浓度变化不显著,不同区域间差异较小。从南到北的方向来看,随着城市北扩和开发力度的加强,市北区的污染物浓度呈上升趋势。从城市总体的大气环境质量变化分析,能源结构的改变对大气环境的改善有着积极的作用,但机动车保有量增加带来的污染也日趋严重。Severe air pollution in wintertime had been a serious problem in Urumqi for a long time. In 2012,the local government spent 12. 1 billion Yuan（ RMB） on energy restructuring by using natural gas for heating instead of using coal to improve the air quality of the city. The air pollutant concentrations was a sensitive indicator which could measure the air quality and could reflect the effects of the energy restructuring. In general,air pollution was worst in January during a year. This study compared the air pollutant concentrations in January in 2009 and 2013.The results showed that the concentration of SO2 was significantly decreased after the energy restructuring although there was a spatial variation across the city area. The concentration of NO2 presented an increasing trend but the amount of increase varied in different districts. There was no obvious changes on the concentrations of PM10. The air pollutant concentrations were higher in the north than in the south and presented an increase trend in the north due to the urban expansion and the development in this part of the city. Overall,the energy restructuring apparently improved the air quality in Urumqi. However,the rapid increase of the number of motor vehicles in Urumqi would have a negative effect on the air quality and partly offset the positive effect of the energy restructuring.

关 键 词：大气 污染物浓度 冬季 能源结构 乌鲁木齐市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]