海洋功能区划与海域生态环境：空间关联与难局破解  

Marine Function Zoning and Marine Ecological Environment: Spatial Association and Diffi cult Situation Cracking

作　　者：虞阳[1,2] 申立 武祥琦 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200241 [2]联合国教科文组织“海洋与城市发展”教席,上海200241 [3]上海市城市规划设计研究院,上海200040

出　　处：《生态经济》2015年第3期161-165,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点基地重大项目(11JJDZH002);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(11YJA810008)

摘　　要：海洋功能区划是现代海洋治理的基本构成,促进经济社会与生态环境的统筹发展是其重要旨归,但当前我国海洋功能区划正面临严峻的生态环境问题。采用空间分析方法,选取11类(二级类)共110个主要的国家级海洋功能区,结合2013年全国海洋环境质量数据发现,我国海洋功能区划大量分布于生态环境较差海域,以开发为主的海洋功能区基本满足水质要求,而以保护为主的海洋功能区则超标严重。难局的形成主要受制于空间与体制双重维度影响,毗邻功能区相互掣肘、功能区管理尺度错位等影响显著。鉴于此,促进海洋功能区划与城市规划等的衔接、强化海洋功能区的规范引导与协同治理、加强海洋功能区的法规与制度体系建设是破解海洋功能区划生态环境难局的可行策略。Marine function zoning is a basic component of modern marine governance. And its purport is promoting the overall development of economy, society and ecological environment. But marine function zoning in our country is facing severe ecological and environmental problems. Using spatial analysis methods, selecting 110 major national marine functional areas from 11 classes （2nd class） and combining 2013 National Marine Environmental Quality Data, we find that large quantity of China＇s marine function zoning is located in the waters with poor ecological environment. Exploiting- based marine function zones mainly meet the basic requirements for water quality, while protection-based marine function areas fail to reach noise standard on the whole. The formation of the difficult situation is mainly subject to dual dimensions of space and institutional impact. Different adjacent function areas constrain each other and multi-regional multi-sectorial management scale dislocation significantly exerts influence. In view of the all above analysis, we can obtain the feasible strategy to crack marine function zoning ecological difficult situation as bellow： Promoting the integration of marine function zoning and urban planning, etc.; Strengthening the norms guidance and collaborative governance of marine function zones; and Enhancing the regulatory and institutional system construction of marine function zones.

关 键 词：海洋功能区划 海域生态环境 空间关联 难局破解 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]