结合常规削减和生态削减方法的湖泊流域营养盐优化削减  

Optimized Reduction for Nutritive Salt in Lake Basins by Combining Regular Reduction and Ecological Reduction Approaches

作　　者：黄炜[1] 李常敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学管理学院,上海201620 [2]上海大学管理学院,上海200444

出　　处：《生态经济》2015年第3期166-172,176,共8页Ecological Economy

基　　金：上海市优秀青年教师科研专项基金(ZZSD12029);2010年教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(NCET-10-0938)

摘　　要：将生态削减方法与工业企业、城市污水处理厂削减方法结合起来解决水体富营养化问题;提出了湖泊流域内的营养盐初始削减指标的优化分配模型,寻求流域内各地区的最优削减量,通过转移费在各地区间为初始削减指标的转移进行补偿。本模型的优化解可以充分发挥流域内地区间、部门间营养盐削减的成本优势,可以促进地区间、部门间营养盐的合作削减,降低流域内营养盐削减成本。实证研究表明,该优化模型切合我国湖泊流域的实情且具有很好的优化效果,如将该优化模型用于太湖流域的氨氮削减,可在2005年节约削减成本10 540.08万元人民币,节省比例高达16.6%。The author combined ecological reduction method and industrial reduction and municipal sewage plant reduction methods to solve water eutrophication problem. Based on this technical frame, an optimal allocation model for initial reduction targets for nutritive salt in a lake basin is proposed in this paper. This model seeks the optimal reduction quantity of each region in the basin, and compensates among the regions by transfer fee for the transfer of initial reduction targets. The optimal solution to this model can give full play to the cost advantages of nutrient reduction across the regions and departments in the basin, it can promote cooperative reduction for nutritive salt among the regions and departments, thus decreases the reduction costs for nutritive salt in the basin. The empirical study indicates that this optimization model fits in with the actual situation of the lake basins in our country and has very good optimization. For example, if we implement this model for ammonia nitrogen reduction in the Lake Tai basin in 2005, we can save RMB 10 540.08 × 10^4 for the reduction cost, and the saving proportion is as high as 16.6%.

关 键 词：营养盐削减 削减成本 优化 指标转移 太湖流域 氨氮 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]