我国0～6岁儿童血铅水平及流行特征分析  

Analysis of blood lead level and its epidemiological characteristics in children aged 0-6 years in China

作　　者：吕玉桦[1] 石小飞[1] 刘珊渡 姜晶[1] 旷满华 让蔚清[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第2期149-154,共6页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2012年南华大学研究生科研创新项目基金(2012XCX16);南华大学人文社科委托研究课题(2011XWT05;2011XWT06;2011XWT04);疾病控制评价重点实验室科研经费资助

摘　　要：目的描述我国自2008年以来0~6岁儿童整体血铅水平及分布特征,探讨其发展趋势,为进一步开展儿童血铅防治研究提供参考依据。方法以中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方、维普数据库为检索数据源,按照纳入标准收集并筛选国内2008年1月-2012年12月期间公开发表的关于儿童血铅研究的中文文献,进行分析。结果通过对27个省(市)涉及28万人所作的调查分析表明,近5年来我国0~6岁儿童的平均血铅水平为63.15μg/L,平均铅中毒率为12.31%;在27个省(市)中,除陕西省的平均血铅水平超过了100μg/L之外,其他省市均在100μg/L以下;男童血铅水平和铅中毒率均高于女童;0~5岁儿童血铅均值随年龄增加而升高,6~7岁时有所下降,铅中毒率在0~6岁时随年龄增加而增大。结论 2008年以来我国儿童血铅水平有了明显的改善,但与发达国家相比仍有显著差距,儿童铅中毒的预防任重而道远。Objective To describe the total bkxx] lead level and its distribution characteristics in children aged between 0 and 6 years in China since 2008, to explore its development trend, and to provide references for further study on prevention and control of children＇s blcxxt lead level. Methods The CNKI, WanFang and VlP databases were retrieved for Chinese literatures pub- lished between January 2008 and December 2012 using the keywords of ＂children＇ s blc＊xt lead level and children＇ s lead poison- ing＂, and the overall blood lead level and the lead poisoning rate of children aged 0 - 6 years in China were analyzed. Results Systematic investigation of 280,000 people in 27 provinces （municipalities） revealed that the average blood lead level of 0 - 6 years old children in China in recent 5 years was 63.15 μg/L, and the average lead poisoning rate was 12.31%. The average bl^d lead levels of the 27 provinces （municipalities） were all under 100μg/L except for Shaanxi Province. The blood lead level and the lead poisoning rate of the boys were both higher than those of the girls. The average bloot lead levels increased with age in the age range of 0 - 5 years, but decreased at the age of 6 - 7 years. The lead poimning rate inceased with age from 0 to 6 years, Conclusions The children＇s bloot lead level in China has declined since 2008, but there are still significant gaps com- pared with thcvse in the developed countries. Burden of preventing children＇s lead poisoning is still heavy.

关 键 词：儿童 血铅水平 铅中毒率 特征分析 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]