分子蒸馏分离米糠毛油中游离脂肪酸的工艺研究  

Isolation Free Fat Acids from Crude Rice Bran Oil with Molecular Distillation

作　　者：林文[1] 史益强[1] 黄德春[1] 武法文[1] 王志祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学,南京210009

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2015年第2期68-73,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：中国药科大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(JKQZ2013003)

摘　　要：分别采用甲酯化-分子蒸馏法及直接分子蒸馏法去除米糠毛油中的游离脂肪酸。前者甲酯化反应的酯化率为96.4%,谷维素回收率为98.71%;分子蒸馏通过单因素试验确定的最佳条件为蒸馏温度120℃、预热温度80℃、内冷温度40℃、刮膜器转速400 r/min、进料流量3 m L/min,最终产品收率为83.4%,酸价0.14 mg KOH/g,脂肪酸甲酯的清除率为97.04%,谷维素总回收率为98.39%。后者直接分子蒸馏的最佳蒸馏温度为170℃,最终产品收率为87.9%,酸价0.44 mg KOH/g,游离脂肪酸的清除率为97.6%,谷维素回收率91.65%。2种方法对比,前者虽步骤较多,但蒸馏温度低,谷维素损失少,因此更具优势。Methyl esterification - molecular distillation and direct molecular distillation have been utilized to isolate free fat acids （FFA） from crude rice bran oil respectively in the paper. The esterification rate was 96.4% and that of oryzanol recovery was 98.71% in methyl esterification reaction of the former method. The optimum conditions of the next molecular distillation were obtained by single factor experiments as： distillation temperature 120 ℃, preheat temperature 80℃, condensation temperature 40℃, scraper rotational speed 400 r/min and feed rate 3 mL/min, at which the yield was 81.3% , the acid value of product 0.14, the clearance rate of fatty acid methyl esters 97.04% , the total recovery of oryzanol 98.39%. The optimal distillation temperature was 170℃ in the latter method （ direct molecular distillation） , with 87.9% the yield, the acid value of the final product 0.44, the clearance rate of FFA 97.6% and the oryzanol recovery 91.65%. Compare the two methods, the former method is better than the later one since the advantages of low distillation temperature and less loss of oryzanol, although with more steps.

关 键 词：分子蒸馏 米糠毛油 甲酯化 游离脂肪酸 谷维素 

分 类 号：TQ028.3[化学工程]