电气火灾一次短路熔痕物证鉴定案例分析  

The Analysis of Primary Short Circuit Melted Mark Evidence Identification in Electricity Fire Case

作　　者：莫善军[1] 马荣[1] 黄立明[1] 田文龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学工学院广东省消防科学技术重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期57-63,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：公安部消防局科技计划资助项目(2013XFCX13);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S013010013225)

摘　　要：电气火灾物证检测过程中判定一次短路熔痕性质鉴定意见关乎火灾调查工作进行,必须做到科学、客观。当前电气火灾原因技术鉴定方法宏观法和金相法国标只有比较笼统的定性判据,缺乏参考图谱和详细说明,而实际火灾案例中一次短路送检物证特征又鲜有总结分析。本文对民宅、仓库和车间三类场所典型一次短路火因的实际火灾案例中熔痕迹物证痕物证外观和金相特征进行分析和总结,并与国标特征描述和模拟实验样品熔痕特征进行对比分析,总结分析一次短路熔痕一般特征和发生环境的相关性,给出鉴定应用与实践中应注意的要点,为电气火灾一次短路熔痕物证判定提供参考判据。The primary short circuited melted mark identification must be scientific and objective for physical evidence of the electricity fire during detecting,and the conclusions are related to the fire survey process.Currently,identification method of electricity fire,including macroscopic method and metallo-graphic method,is very general and lacking of standard reference map and detailed description,The character of first short circuited melted mark is short of summary as well as analysis in actual fire cases. The macroscopic and metallographic character of melted mark from three class typical actual fire cases caused by first short circuited are analyzed.These cases include house,warehouse and workshop.Com-pared with character of melted mark from national standard,the simulated experiment is discussed.The relationship is summarized between the first short circuited melted mark and the surroundings.At the last,it is proposed that the attention points of using the first short circuited can provide for judgment and reference criterion of it.

关 键 词：一次短路 熔痕 电气火灾 物证鉴定 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]