广州典型小区微气候特征观测与数值模拟研究  

Observational and Numerical Study on the Microclimate over A Typical Community in Guangzhou

作　　者：林满[1] 王宝民[1,2] 刘辉志[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学大气科学系,广东广州510275 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所LAPC,北京100029

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期124-129,共6页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2010CB428504);气象行业专项(GYHY201306042);中国科学院大气物理研究所开放基金项目(LAPC-KF-2009-01)联合资助项目

摘　　要：根据广州下垫面类型和湿热气候特征，选取广州大学城一个小区为试验基地，在典型的晴朗天气条件下，通过实地观测和微尺度数值模式 ENVI-met，探讨该地区的微气候特征。数值模式能较好地模拟温度、湿度及流场的空间分布和时间变化特征，结果显示：①模拟区域内不同的下垫面存在高温低湿、低温高湿的现象；②毗邻两栋建筑之间可形成狭管流效应，风速值约为来流风速的1.4～1.7倍；③单体方形建筑物两侧出现角隅大风，阵风风速可达平均风速的2～3倍；④街谷型建筑之间有微弱的街谷涡旋形成，其强度与街谷的几何配置和来流风向有关。Based on the hot and humid climate and the underlying surface of Guangzhou,taking a typical community in Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center as the test site,we analyze the microclimate characteristics over this area by meteorological observational data and a numerical model ENVI-met under typical sunny weather condition.The results indicate that the ENVI-met model can successfully simulate the special distribution and temporal evolution of temperature,humidity and flow field.① There exist high temperature and low humidity,low temperature and high humidity over the different surfaces.②Channeling effect can be found between the Adjoining Buildings,and the wind speed will become 1.4 to 1.7 times of the upper stream.③ The corner flow can take place on two sides of the Single Building,and wind gust may be two to three times of the average wind speed.④ There exists vortex between the Street Canyon Buildings.This effect is connected with the aspect ratio and the approach flow.This study helps us better understand some microclimate phenomenon in the area under sunny weather condition,which may play an important role in pedestrian comfort and diffusion of air pollutants,and can represent the fea-tures of hot and humid area.The research has practical significance for the city planning in the region with similar microclimate characteristics.

关 键 词：微气候 数值模拟 广州 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]