Microtox生物毒性测试技术在钻井液中的应用分析  

Application of Microtox Biological Toxicity Testing Technique in Drilling Fluid Analysis

作　　者：朱红卫 刘晓栋 

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司渤星公司

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2015年第1期53-56,101,共4页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司重大专项"高温高密度钻井液与可排放海水基钻井液成套技术研发"(2014E-38-02)部分研究内容

摘　　要：介绍了Microtox生物毒性测试技术的测试仪器、原理和测试方法。以费希尔狐菌作为受试菌种,测试了部分水基钻井液处理剂和钻井液体系的EC50值,并基于Microtox生物毒性测试技术,提出一种钻井液生物毒性现场快速监测技术。实验结果表明,淀粉、XC、多元醇及天然高分子类钻井液无毒,磺化酚醛树脂、褐煤、沥青、铁铬盐及三磺钻井液生物毒性EC50值远低于国家标准值30 000 mg/L,AMPS类多元共聚物及高温合成聚合物钻井液无毒。Microtox生物毒性测试技术为海洋钻井液排放提供了2种毒性检测手段,分别为定性判别和定量测试,同时为环保型钻井液研发提供了评价方法。This paper introduces the testing instrumentation,principles and testing method of Microtox,a biological toxicity testing technique.The EC_(50) values of some mud additives and drilling fluid formulations were tested using the Vibrio fischeri as the testing bacteria.An onsite fast testing method was presented using Microtox technique.Laboratory experiments showed that drilling starch,XC,polyhydric alcohols,as well as natural high molecular weight polymers are nontoxic.Sulfonated phenolic,lignite,asphaltene,FCLS and the so-called tri-sulfonates drilling fluids have EC_(50) values that are far less than the national standard of 30,000 mg/L.AMPS copolymers and synthesized high temperature polymer drilling fluids are nontoxic.Microtox technique provides two toxicity test methods for discharged drilling fluid in offshore drilling,a qualitative method and a quantitative method.Meanwhile this method can be used as a means of evaluating environmentally friendly drilling fluid.

关 键 词：水基钻井液 生物毒性 发光细菌法 排放 现场监测 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]