分水针对喷头喷灌质量影响的试验研究  

Effect of Finger on the Irrigation Quality Indices of Lawn Sprinklers

作　　者：陈超[1] 汤玲迪[1] 顾哲[1] 汤跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第1期20-23,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目(2011AA100506);江苏省农业科技支撑项目(BE2012385)

摘　　要：以S800草坪喷头为研究对象,选择分水针直径、分水针插入主射流深度和喷头工作压力为试验因素,通过正交试验系统研究了分水针对喷头低压工况下水力性能的影响。获得以下试验结果:随着分水针插入主射流的深度增加,在喷头射程降低的同时能显著提高喷头低压工况下的灌溉均匀度,分水针直径的变化对喷头射程和灌溉均匀性影响较小;喷头射程损失系数主要与分水针插入主射流的深度有关,与喷头工作压力及分水针直径无显著性关系。综合分析可得,若使用分水针改善喷头低压工况下的喷灌均匀性,只能通过加速射流破碎,以降低喷头射程为前提实现。The finger,a type of stream interrupters,is widely used in sprinklers to improve the irrigation uniformity under a low pressure.But the influences of its structure and the depth inserted in the main flow on the performances,including water distribution,spraying radius and irrigation uniformity,have not been addressed.In this study,a lawn sprinkler typed S800 is taken as a study object and three factors in three levels,namely the finger diameter（1.5,2.5and 3.5mm）,the depth of finger inserted in the main flow（0,0.5and 1mm）,and the working pressure（100,150 and 200kPa）,are selected in the orthogonal test to systemically investigate the impact of finger on the hydraulic performances of sprinkler under low pressures.The results demonstrate that the use of finger improves the irrigation uniformity under a low pressure.For the sprinkler S800 with a nozzle diameter 2.5mm,the normal working pressure can be reduced from 200 to 150kPa when the finger is applied.As the depth of finger inserted in the main flow increases,the spaying radius of the sprinkler decreases,and the irrigation uniformity under low pressures increases obviously.The effect of finger diameter on the spraying radius and irrigation uniformity is not remarkable.The reduction rate of spraying radius is mainly influenced by the depth of finger inserted in the main flow while it has no clear relations with the working pressure and the finger diameter.So it can be concluded that auxiliary structures,such as the finger,can be used to enhance the jet fragmentation in the sprinklers to improve the irrigation uniformity with the decrease of spraying radius.

关 键 词：低压 分水针 射程 灌溉均匀性 草坪喷头 

分 类 号：S277.94[农业科学—农业水土工程]