不同灌水处理对北疆滴灌春小麦生长及产量的影响  

Influences of Different Irrigation Treatment on Growth and Yield of Drip-irrigation Spring Wheat in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：牟洪臣[1] 王振华[1] 何新林[1] 葛宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第1期27-32,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51169022);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B06)

摘　　要：针对新疆北疆干旱区特殊的地域性和气候特性,采用滴灌技术,以田间实测数据为基础,研究在不同灌水处理的情况下对北疆干旱地区春小麦生长和产量的变化。通过春小麦在生育期内毛管间距的布置和灌水次数对北疆干旱地区春小麦生长和产量的各项指标的变化进行分析,初步得到,在北疆干旱地区滴灌情况下毛管布置间距为60cm时,有利于春小麦的生长;多次灌溉有利于小麦株高生长、叶面积系数增大、分蘖数及穗长增加;在灌水次数为9次和灌溉定额为360-405mm相结合的方法进行灌溉,不仅可以减少水资源的浪费,还有利于干旱地区春小麦分蘖数的增加和产量的提高。该结果可为北疆干旱地区滴灌春小麦的理论研究提供参考。According to the specific regionality and climate characteristics of the arid area in north Xinjiang,the growth and yield changes of drip-irrigation spring wheat under different irrigation treatments technique are studied on the basis of field measured data.The changes of various indexes of spring wheat growth and yield in arid area of north Xinjiang are analyzed under different capillary pipe spacing arrangements and irrigation times in the growth period of spring wheat.The preliminary conclusion shows that best lateral layout distance for the growth of drip-irrigation spring wheat in arid area of north Xinjiang is 60cm;frequent irrigation is helpful for the lengthwise growth of wheat,the increase of leaf area index,and the increase of tiller number and the panicle length;the irrigation method with 9times irrigation and 360-405mm irrigation quota can not only reduce the waste of water resource,but also be beneficial to the improvement of tiller number and yield.The results will provide reference for theoretical research of drip-irrigation spring wheat in arid area of north Xinjiang.

关 键 词：灌水次数 滴灌 春小麦 产量 北疆 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]