桑园套种马铃薯田间优化配置模式研究  

Optimal the Field Configuration Pattern of Intercrops with Mulberry and Potato

作　　者：李勇[1] 于翠[1] 邓文[1] 叶楚华[1] 胡兴明[1] 熊超[1] 李欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064 [2]武汉大学生命科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第23期5779-5784,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22)

摘　　要：在桑树/马铃薯套种群体系统内,研究不同田间配置条件下,桑园环境因子变化、桑叶气体交换参数特征、桑树冠层对光强度吸收效果及对桑叶产量的影响。结果表明,M2模式可显著提高桑园环境CO2浓度(Ca),M1模式中桑园环境温度(T)最高;3种处理桑树叶片的净光合速率(Pn)日变化均呈双峰曲线,不同处理桑树叶片Pn最大值有差异,M2模式中桑树叶片LUE、WUE、CUE最低。桑树冠层透光率(LTR)及其相应叶面积指数(LAI)测量结果呈极显著相关,LTR随LAI的增加而呈递减的趋势。M1模式的土地生产率最低,M2模式桑树产量指标单株产叶量和公斤叶片数最低,M3模式马铃薯的成本收益率和资金产投比最优。综合分析,桑树密度为1 000株/667 m2(株行距170 cm×40 cm)的桑园,套种马铃薯的最佳田间配置为两行桑树间种植2行马铃薯(株行距30 cm×50 cm)与两行桑树间种植1行马铃薯(株距30cm)隔行种植模式。The effects of environmental factors, the gas exchange, canopy on light intensity absorption and mulberry yield under different field configuration were studied. Resuhs showed that the mode of M2 improved the mulberry environment of CO2 （Ca）concentration. The mulberry temperature （T） of M1 mode was the highest. There were double-curve form in 3 kinds of mulberry photosynthetic rate （Pn） with different maximum of Pn. The light use efficiency （LUE）, water use efficiency （WUE）, CO2 use efficiency （CUE） of M2 mode was the lowest. The correlation between the transmittance of mulberry tree （LTR） and leaf area index （LAI） was significant. The LTR decreased with the increase of LAI. The land productivity of M1 mode was the lowest. The mulberry yield per plant and numbers of leaves per kilogram of M2 mode was the lowest. The benefit cost ratio and capital output ratio of M3 mode was optimal. The best configuration for intercropping mulberry with potato was 2 line mulberry intercropping with 2 line potato（spacing,30 cm×50 cm）, followed by 2 line Mulberry intercropping with 1 line potato （spacing, 30 cm） in the 1000 Mulberry/667m^2 （spacing, 30 cm×50 cm）.

关 键 词：桑园套作马铃薯 田间配置 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S888[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S532[农业科学—畜牧兽医]