水稻颖花退化的遗传研究进展  

Genetic Studies of Floret Degeneration in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：戚华雄[1] 杜雪树[1] 李进波[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第24期5905-5907,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2011-620-002-001)

摘　　要：水稻(Oryza sativa L.)颖花数是产量构成的重要因子之一,每穗颖花数的多少取决于幼穗分化前期颖花的分化数和幼穗分化后期颖花的退化数两个方面。水稻颖花退化现象在水稻生产中普遍存在,它包括穗基部颖花退化和穗顶部颖花退化两种。水稻颖花退化性状是复杂的数量性状,可能受基因型、栽培条件以及生态因子等影响。利用不同的遗传作图群体,目前定位了18个水稻颖花退化QTL,这些QTL分布在第1至第11号染色体上,但贡献率均不大。利用2个颖花退化的突变体确定了2个候选基因,但还有待于进一步研究。并对育种及生产中水稻颖花退化的问题进行了初步分析。The panicle size is an important agronomic trait contributing to grain yield in rice. The final panicle size is deter- mined by differentiated number of floret before spikelet formation, and involved in degenerated number of floret at the end of spikelet maturation. The degeneration of young floret on panicle frequently occurs in rice and can occur at either the apex or basal portion of the panicle. It is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes with minor effects and affected by environment and cultural practices. Based on different rice populations, eighteen QTLs with small phenotypic variance of floret degeneration were detected on the 1st to lhh chromosomes. Two mutants and candidate genes involved in floret degeneration were determined. The problems of florets degeneration in rice breeding and production were also been discussed.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) 颖花退化 遗传研究 QTL 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学] S511[农业科学—作物学]