超声辅助下聚丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂的合成研究  

Study on synthesis of poly acrylic acid/acrylamide superabsorbent resin under ultrasonic irradiation

作　　者：叶晓云[1] 肖雪清[1] 陈丁桂[1] 黄旭方[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院材料科学与工程学院,福建福州350118

出　　处：《福建工程学院学报》2014年第6期546-550,共5页Journal of Fujian University of Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2012J01186);福建工程学院预研基金(GY-Z11064)

摘　　要：借助超声波的分散、辅助引发作用,以丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,以过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)为引发剂,无氮气保护下,采用超声波细胞粉碎法制备了聚丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺(P(AA-AM))高吸水性树脂。采用正交试验研究了树脂吸水性能最优的反应条件。通过单因素实验,重点考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体配比等对树脂吸水率的影响。用红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对树脂的结构与形貌进行表征。结果表明,在超声条件下,可在较短的反应时间内合成高吸水性树脂。最佳工艺条件是AA中和度为70%,T=50℃,n(AM)∶n(AA)=0.3,m(NMBA)∶m(AA+AM)=0.05%,m(K2S2O8)∶m(AA+AM)=0.2%,吸水倍率最高为398.172 g/g。三维网状结构的存在是树脂高吸水性的关键。A superabsorbent resin copolymer with acrylic acid （AA） and acrylamide （AM） as mon- omers was prepared by ultrasonic irradiation under no nitrogen protection using N, N＇-methylene-bis- acrylmide （NMBA） as crosslinker and potassium persulfate （K2S2O8） as initiator. The optimal ab- sorption condition of the resin was investigated through the orthogonal design. The influence of reac- tion conditions such as reaction temperature, dosage of the initiator and monomer mole ratio on water absorbency was investigated by single factor experiment. The molecular structure and morphology of the resin were measured with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results show that the superabsorbent resin copolymer was synthesized in a short reaction time under ultrasonic irradiation. Moreover, the absorbing power was 398. 172 g · g^-1 in the optimum condition. Concretely, the degree of neutralization of AA, the reaction temperature, the monomer mole ratio of AM and AA, the mass ratio of NMBA and monomers, as well as the mass ratio of K2S2O8were 70%, 50 ℃, 0.3, 0.05% and 0.2%, respectively. The high water absorba- bility of the resin is closely related to its three-dimension network structure.

关 键 词：超声波 高吸水性树脂 吸水率 丙烯酸 丙烯酰胺 

分 类 号：TQ630.4[化学工程—精细化工]