不同饲料添加剂对日本囊对虾生长及非特异性免疫的影响  

Effects of several feed additives on growth and non-specific immunity of Marsupenaneus japonicus

作　　者：王跃斌[1] 孙忠[1] 陆建学[2] 朱云海[1] 胡则辉[1] 柴学军[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江省海水增养殖重点实验室,农业部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站,浙江舟山316021 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2015年第1期38-44,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：浙江省科技厅创新团队建设与人才培养项目(2013F20001)

摘　　要：以初始体长为(4.70±0.36)cm的日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)为研究对象,探讨不同类型饲料添加剂对日本囊对虾生长及非特异性免疫的影响。实验设4个试验组(A^D组)和1个对照组(E组)分别投喂饲料:对照组为实验用配合饲料,A组为在配合饲料中添加0.1%的维生素C;B组为在配合饲料中添加0.16%的低聚糖;C组为在配合饲料中添加6×105cfu·g-1的芽孢杆菌;D组为混合添加组(由A、B、C 3组各1/3的量组合而成)。结果显示:与对照组相比,各试验组均显著提高了日本囊对虾的增长率(P<0.05);A、B、D组显著提高了增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05),但是各组间差异不显著;与其它试验组相比,D组中日本囊对虾的增重率和特定生长率均最高。非特异免疫结果发现,D组肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酚氧化酶(PO)的活力显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。D组肝胰腺中SOD、T-AOC、PO活力显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而ACP和AKP与对照组差异并不显著。研究结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的维生素C、低聚糖、芽孢杆菌及3种添加剂的复合制剂投喂日本囊对虾,可在一定程度上提高对虾的生长性能,改善非特异性免疫力。Marsupenaeus japonicus belongs to a kind of warm water shrimps, distributed widely in the south of Hokkaido, Japan, China, Southeast Asia, northern Australia and the Red Sea and other waters. Due to its＇ gorgeous body color, vitality, delicious taste and high price, the shrimp becomes one of the main types of maricuhure. Currently, no dedicated feed is used in M. japonicus, and the common feeds are mainly fresh food and compound feeds utilized in Litopenaeus vannamei. Because dietary protein utilization of M. japonicus is lower than that of other shrimps, the feed with higher protein levels is required. In this experiment, the compound feed with 48% protein （control group, designated as group E） was selected, and four different feed additives （ A ： adding 0.1% vitamin C to the basal diet ; B ： adding 0.16% oligosaccharides to the basal diet ; C ： adding 6 × 105 cfu g-1 bacillus to the basal diet,D：the mixture of 1/3 ABC） were chosen. To investigate the effects of different additives on the growth and non-specific immunity of M. japonicus, five groups per treatment of feeds containing different types of additives were fed to M. japonicus [ initial body length （4.70 ± 0.36） cm]. This experiment was conducted in the foam boxes （60 cm× 40 cm × 40 cm） with 2 - 2.5 cm sand bed in the bottom of the cabinet. During the experiment, 20 M. japonicus were placed in each box （repeating 3 times each group）. The volume of experimental water was 80 L, and the water was filtrated through the sand. After determination, pH value was 8.1, salinity 26 - 28 and water temperature 27.5 -29 ℃. 100% water exchange was performed every day. Daily feeding was designed to be 3% -5% of shrimp body weight, 2 times feeding a day in the total trial period of 30 days. At the end of experiment, samples were collected, and biological indices were measured after stopping feeding for 24 h. On the basis, weight gain rate, growth rate and specific growth rate were calculated for the subsequent statistics. Three

关 键 词：日本囊对虾 饲料添加剂 生长 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]