鱼类离子细胞及离子通道的研究进展  

New insights into ionocytes and ion channles

作　　者：廖雅丽[1,2] 张晨捷[1] 高权新[1] 彭士明[1] 施兆鸿[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2015年第1期77-86,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(东2014Z02-1)资助

摘　　要：渗透压调节与鱼类生命活动密切相关,离子细胞与离子通道是渗透压调节的重要细胞和通路。本文结合近期国内外在渗透压调节方面的研究热点,论述鱼类离子细胞与离子通道的研究进展,并做出展望。主要从离子细胞的命名演变及离子细胞亚型的类型和两种离子通道的研究进展进行论述。离子细胞的命名从"氯细胞(chloride cells,CCs)"、"线粒体丰富的细胞(mitochondrion-rich cells,MRCs或MR)"发展到"离子细胞(ionocytes)",其中还有PNA+、PNA-、Ⅰ型MR细胞、Ⅱ型MR细胞、Ⅲ型MR细胞、Ⅳ型MR细胞相继因不同的功能而被独立进行命名。两种离子转运通道是:囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节蛋白(cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator,CFTR)和Na+/K+/2Cl-协同转运蛋白(NKCC),CFTR在离子细胞的尖端处表达,而NKCC则在离子细胞基底进行表达调控,两者在渗透压调节中处于下游层次,可直接反应离子调控的水平。Osmoregulation has a close relationship with life activities of fish, and ionocytes and ion channels have major impacts on osmoregulation. The present review combined some recent literatures to introduce and discuss the reseaeh progress on ionocytes and ion channles, and then made perspectives. The discussion contained the nomenclature and sub-types of ionocytes and two ion channles. The name of ionocytes started from ＂chloride cells （CCs）＂,＂ mitochondrion-rich cells （MRCs or MR）＂ to ＂inoncytes＂, and some independt names to each sub-type like PNA＋ , PNA-, Ⅰ type MR cells, Ⅱ type MR cells, Ⅲ type MR cells, IV type MR cells; the two ion channles contained： cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator （CFTR） , Na ＋/K ＋/2C1- eotransporter （NKCC）, CFTR was expressed in the tip of ionocytes and NKCC was expressed in the basal of ionocytes. Both of them were in the downstream level of osmotic adjustment and had a direct reaction in ion regulation.

关 键 词：渗透压调节 离子细胞 离子通道 囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节蛋白(CFTR) Na+/K+/2Cl-协同转运蛋白(NKCC) 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]