育苗密度与基质对柚木小棒槌苗生长的影响  

Density and medium effect on teak stump growth

作　　者：黄桂华[1] 梁坤南[1] 周再知[1] 马华明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2015年第2期74-78,共5页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD21B01)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出培育柚木Tectona grandis小棒槌苗的最佳育苗基质和育苗密度.【方法】采用正交试验设计研究了不同基质和育苗密度对柚木小棒槌苗生长的影响.【结果和结论】在不施肥情况下,6个月生和12个月生不同处理间柚木小棒槌苗的地径、根粗、地下鲜质量等指标达到显著或极显著差异,各处理小棒槌苗棒槌度均达到规格要求（棒槌度〉1.57）;12个月生小棒槌苗的品质进一步提高,V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）=2∶1,密度150株·m^-2、V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）=2∶2,密度200株·m^-2和V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）=3∶2,密度150株·m^-2 3个处理达到了出圃造林的要求（棒槌度〉1.57,0.8 cm〈地径〈1.6 cm）;不同育苗基质配比间和不同育苗密度水平间,地径、根粗和地下鲜质量等指标存在显著或极显著差异,对培育柚木小棒槌苗品质的影响是密度〉基质.生产12个月生柚木小棒槌苗的基质以V（黄心土）∶V（河沙）=2∶1或2∶2,密度以150-200株·m^-2为佳.【Objective】The purpose of this study was to analyze the density and medium effect on teak,Tectona grandis,stump quality and to find out the best density and medium for teak stump production.【Method】Six types of density and four media were used by orthogonal trial in teak stump cultivation.【Result and conclusion】The result showed that ground diameter,root diameter,underground fresh mass and other indexes of seedlings without fertilization had significant or highly significant differences among treatments when 6 and 12 months old,and all treatments could produce stumps which meet the degree of taproot enlargement（ DTE） criterion（ DTE 1. 57）. The stump quality became higher when 12 months old and V（ loess） ∶ V（ sand） = 2 ∶ 1,150 plants·m^-2,V（ loess） ∶ V（ sand） = 2∶ 2,200 plants·m^-2and V（ loess） ∶ V（ sand） = 3∶ 2,150 plants · m^-2meet the afforestation standard（ DTE〉 1. 57,0. 8 〈cm ground diameter 〈1. 6 cm）. There were significant or highly significant differences in ground diameter,root diameter and underground fresh mass among different density levels and different medium compositions. The effect on teak stump quality is density medium. Loess mixed with sand at ratio 2∶ 1-2∶ 2 as medium and density 150-200 plants·m^-2are suitable for teak stump productions when cultivated in 12 months.

关 键 词：柚木 小棒槌苗 棒槌度 地径 根粗 密度 基质 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]