种植密度与行距配置对复播油葵同化物运转和产量的影响  

Effect of Spacing and Planting Densities on the Photosynthates Transformation and Yield of Multiple Cropping Oil Sunflowers

作　　者：余娟娟[1] 谈建鑫 王江丽[1] 刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第12期2162-2167,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD42B03)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同密度和株行距配置对复播油葵LAI、同化物运转及产量的影响效应,确定其最佳种植密度和模式。【方法】采用单因素随机区组试验设计,于复播油葵不同生育期取样,研究高(11.25×104株/hm2)、中(9×104株/hm2)、低(6.75×104株/hm2)3种种植密度、2种株行距(60 cm等行距和60 cm+30 cm宽窄行)配置下复播油葵的LAI、干物质积累、分配及产量变化。【结果】种植密度对复播油葵生长发育有着显著影响,开花前干物质积累随着密度增加而增加,灌浆期中密度处理有利于花前干物质向花盘转移,同时提高花后转移干物质对籽粒贡献率,宽窄行配置产量均高于等行距配置。【结论】适宜的种植密度可以调节免耕复播油葵个体发育,最大发挥群体效应,在新疆种植密度9×104株/hm2宽窄行种植是复播油葵的适宜种植模式,产量较高。[ Objective ] The effect of different density and plant - row spacing on LAI, drymatter accumulation and yield in multiple cropping oil sunflower were researched to provide the optimum planting density for practical process in the reclamation region of Northern Xinjiang. [ Method ] Using two factors randomized block design, we took sampls at different growth atages and studied the effect of two rows of plant spacing（60 cm at identical row ledge and 60 cm ＋ 30 cm at wide and narrow row） on dry matter accumulation, LAI and yield of oil sunflower under the condition of three densities （ 11.25 ×10^4, 9 ×10^4, and 6.25 ×10^4 plants/ hm^2 ）. [ Result] The result showed that planting density had obvious effect on the growth of oil sunflower. The accumulation of dry matter in different organs increased with the increase of plant density before anthesis. But the translocation amount of dry matter stored in vegetative organs at initial filling stage was significandy higher in treatments of medium density with wide and narrow row spacing compared with other treatments. Meanwhile, medium density showed significantly larger contributions of dry matter to grains. The yield of multiple cropping oil sunflower was medium density 〉 high density 〉 low density and wide and narrow row spacing washigher than identical row ledge. [ Conclusion ] Appropriate density could regulate the growth of individual plant of multiple cropping oil sunflower. Treatment Z - 60 ＋ 30 （9 000 plants/hm^2 ） was the appropriate plant- ing density, under which the higher yield could be obtained.

关 键 词：复播油葵 种植密度 干物质运转 产量 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]