工作场所健康文化和组织健康量表的修订及评价  

Development and validation of workplace health culture scale and organizational health scale

作　　者：贾英男[1] 武晓宇 李光耀 王拥庆 傅华[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院预防医学教研室-公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032 [2]上海市健康促进委员会,上海200002 [3]上海市企事业卫生保健管理协会,上海200040

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2015年第1期84-89,共6页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

基　　金：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设项目(08GWZX1001)~~

摘　　要：目的 修订工作场所健康文化和组织健康量表并对其进行信效度评价.方法 在参考国外有关量表的基础上,结合实际情况,增加了7个条目.采用方便抽样的方法,在上海市选取12家企事业单位进行问卷调查,共调查976人;采用同质性信度、重测信度和分半信度进行信度评价,采用结构效度进行效度评价.结果 调查结果显示,问卷回收有效率92.6％.工作场所健康文化量表保留了20个条目,分为个体健康文化、直接领导不良健康行为、直接领导的不利健康影响、直接领导的有利健康影响以及单位整体健康文化等5个维度;组织健康量表保留了9个条目,仅有一个维度.信度方面,工作场所健康文化量表各维度的Cronbach’ α系数为0.724～0.908;除直接领导不利健康影响和单位整体健康文化两个维度外,其他维度的重测信度均＞0.5;分半信度方面,除直接领导的不利健康影响维度外,其他维度的分半信度均＞0.7.组织健康量表的信度较好,Cronbach＇α系数为0.893,重测信度为0.554,分半信度为0.855.效度方面,两个量表的内容效度较好.因子分析结果表明,两个量表的结构效度较好,累积方差贡献率分别为69.051％和56.224％.结论 该量表具有较好的信度和效度,具有一定的实际应用价值,可通过实际应用进一步改善.Objective To develop workplace health culture scale and organizational health scale, and to evaluate their reliability and validity. Methods Seven items were added based on reviewing foreign related literature initially and the situation in China. A convenient sample of 976 employees from 12 workplaces in Shanghai was investigated. The internal consistent reliability,test-retest reliability, split- half reliability,and construct validity of the scale were examined. Results The response rate was 92.6 %. Workplace health culture scale including 20 items was divided into 5 dimensions, health culture at individual level, unhealthy behaviors of direct leaders, adverse health effects of direct leaders, beneficial health effects of direct leaders, and health culture at workplace level. Organizational health scale including 9 items was single dimensional. The Cronbach＇α coefficient of all the dimensions of workplace health culture scale ranged 0. 724 -0. 908. Except for the adverse health effects of direct leaders dimension and health culture at workplace level dimension, test-retest reliability of the other dimensions was above 0. 5. Except for the adverse health effects of direct leaders dimension,the split- half reliability of the other dimensions was above 0. 7. Organizational health scale showed good reliability： Cronbach＇a coefficient was 0. 893; test-retest reliability was 0. 554; split-half reliability was 0. 855. Both scales showed good content validity. The factor analysis indicated that contributing rate of cumulative sums of squares was 69. 051 % and 56. 224%, indicating that they had good construct validity. Conclusions The two scales have good reliability and validity. They have some application value and can be improved by more practical applications.

关 键 词：工作场所 健康文化 组织健康 量表 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R194.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]