高中学生防御方式与应付方式的相关研究  

DEFENSE STYLE AND COPING STYLE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS:A CORRELATION STUDY

作　　者：赵蕾[1] 董玉霞[1] 范勇[1] 孟祥军[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市精神卫生中心,山东青岛266034

出　　处：《齐鲁医学杂志》2015年第1期72-74,76,共4页Medical Journal of Qilu

摘　　要：目的 探讨高中学生防御方式和应付方式的特点及其相关性。方法 采用防御方式问卷和应付方式问卷,对526名高中学生进行调查。结果 高三学生比高一学生更多使用压抑、幽默等防御机制（t=-4.036-3.235,P〈0.05）。女生在退缩、升华、回避等因子得分较高（t=-5.138-4.190,P〈0.05）。高中学生应付方式上存在性别和年级差异（t=-9.424-6.017,P〈0.05）。成熟防御机制与解决问题和求助因子得分呈正相关（r=0.305、0.291,P〈0.05）;不成熟防御机制与幻想、退避因子得分呈正相关（r=0.342、0.250,P〈0.05）。结论 在对高中学生的心理辅导中要注意性别和年级的差异,从心理防御机制入手调节个体情绪,启发个体的合理应对行为,减少不成熟防御方式和应付方式的应用。Objective To explore the characteristics and the relationship of defense styles and coping styles of seniorhigh-school students. Methods Defense Style Questionnaire and Coping Style Questionnaire were used to survey 526 seniorhigh-school students. Results In terms of the defense style, suppression and humor were used by senior students more frequently than junior ones （t =-4.036 3.235,P〈0.05）. Girl students got a higher score than boy students with regard to retreat, sublimation, and avoidance （t = - 5.138 - 4.190, P〈0.05）. There were gender and grade differences in coping styles in senior-high students （t=-9.424-6.017,P〈0.05）. Mature defense mechanisms were positively correlated with problem-solving and seeking support （r=0.305,0.291;P〈0.05）, immature defense mechanisms were positively correlated with fantasy （r=0.342,0.250;P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Defense styles and coping styles are connected with the mentai health level of senior-high students. During the psychological guidance, attention should be paid to the individual variance and inspire students to avoid immature defense mechanisms and inappropriate coping styles.

关 键 词：防御机制 应付行为 适应 心理学 学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]