辽宁绒山羊育肥羔羊的羊肉营养特性研究  

Nutrient Characteristics of Meat in Fattening Liaoning Cashmere Kids

作　　者：孙亚波[1] 边革[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省畜牧科学研究院,辽阳111000

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2015年第1期24-28,53,共6页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：国家绒毛产业技术体系饲养管理岗位科学家(CARS-40-15);国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD17B04-3-1);辽宁省博士科研启动项目(20111145)

摘　　要：选择24只年龄90日龄±3.5日龄、体重15.00 kg±0.62 kg的辽宁绒山羊羔羊,公母各半。试验分3组,Ⅰ组为高能低蛋白组,Ⅱ组为高能高蛋白组,Ⅲ组为对照组,分别饲喂1号、2号和3号日粮。研究育肥羔羊肉常规营养成分、各类脂肪酸和氨基酸含量。结果表明:按冻干肉样为基础测得试验Ⅱ组粗脂肪极显著(P<0.01)高于试验Ⅰ组和对照组;按鲜样基础测得试验Ⅱ组粗脂肪极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,试验Ⅰ组显著(P<0.05)高于对照组。在脂肪酸方面,总体上两试验组均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅱ组又高于试验Ⅰ组。试验Ⅱ组C14:0、C16:1、C18:0含量显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,试验Ⅱ组C15:0、C16:0、C18:1n9c含量极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组。根据脂肪酸饱和度分类统计,试验Ⅱ组SFA、PUFA、n-3 PUFA、CLA均显著(P<0.05)高于试验Ⅰ组和对照组;试验Ⅰ组n-3 PUFA又显著(P<0.05)高于对照组。在氨基酸方面除蛋氨酸外,对照组总体上均高于两试验组。应用人理想氨基酸模型评分发现,试验Ⅱ组为85.37分,高于试验Ⅰ组和对照组;而试验Ⅱ组的E/T值和E/N值分别为0.51和0.90,均高于对照组。因此,高能高蛋白日粮育肥羔羊可使羊肉粗脂肪和多不饱和脂肪酸显著增加,总脂肪酸极显著增加;而单独提高日粮代谢能水平也使育肥羔羊肉粗脂肪含量、MUFA和脂肪酸含量增加,同时对羊肉氨基酸构成和必需氨基酸比例有较大改善作用。Twenty-four Liaoning Cashmere kids were randomly divided into three groups, feeding with number 1 to 3 rations re- spectively. The normal nutrients ingredients, fatty acids, and amino acids in meat of all the kids were investigated. The results showed EE （in freeze-dry sample ） of meat in group I1 was extremely significantly （P〈 0.01 ） higher than those in group I and the eontrol;EE （in fresh sample ） of meat in group 1I was extremely significanfly（P 〈 0.01 ） higher than that in the control, and EE in group I was significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） higher than that in the control. As a whole, all fatty acids in group I and II were higher than that in the control, and that in group I was higher than in group II. C14：0,C16：1 ,C18：0 in group I were significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） higher than those in the control, C 15 ： 0, C 16： 0, C 18：1 n9c in group I were extremely significantly （P 〈 0.01 ） higher than those in the control. Fatty acids were classified SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6PUFA, n-3 PUFA and CLA according to saturation, SFA, PUFA, n-3 PUFA, CLA in group I were significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） higher than those in group I and the control, the n-3 PU- FA in group I1 was significantly（P 〈 0.05 ） higher than that in the control. Met of meat in group II was significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） higher than those in group I and the control, and other amino acids in two groups were lower than those in the control. Ac- cording to perfect amino acid model of human, amino acids score in group ]I was 85.37, E/T and E/N were 0.51 and 0.90 re-spectively which were higher than those in the control. So it could be summarized that EE, PUFA and total fatty acids in meat in- creased extremely significantly （P 〈 0.01 ）when the kids were fed with higher protein and metabolizable energy rations, and the amino acids content and proportion were improved too. While the improvement was less when the rations with only higher protein were used.

关 键 词：辽宁绒山羊 羔羊 营养特性 脂肪酸 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S827.6[农业科学—畜牧学]