淮安市甲型肝炎疫苗纳入扩大免疫规划前后流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis before and after hepatitis A vaccine included into the Expanded Program Immunization in Huaian City

作　　者：蔡蓉[1] 陈跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省淮安市疾病预防控制中心,223001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第1期118-120,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解淮安市2008年将甲型肝炎（简称甲肝）疫苗纳入扩大免疫规划前后甲肝流行病学特征,为今后制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法对2004—2013年淮安市甲肝疫情资料进行分析。结果甲肝纳入扩大免疫规划前后,2009—2013年与2004—2008年相比,发病率显著下降（χ^2=336.51,P〈0.01）,春季发病高峰逐渐消失,发病年龄后移,40-60岁组发病人数占病毒性肝炎发病数的52.59%,男女发病数性别比为（1.47-2.86）∶1。结论甲肝疫苗纳入免疫规划后,发病率明显下降,应继续加强以甲肝疫苗接种为主的防控措施,加强健康教育,改善卫生条件,鼓励大年龄组人群接种甲肝疫苗。[Objective] To understand the epidemiologic features of hepatitis A before and after hepatitis A vaccine included into the Expanded Program Immunization（EPI） in Huaian City in 2008,provide scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control strategy in future.[Methods]The epidemic data of hepatitis A in Huaian City from 2004-2013 were analyzed.[Results]The incidence rate of hepatitis A during 2004-2008,which was the period after hepatitis A vaccine included into EPI,significantly decreased as compared with that during 2009-2013,which was the period before hepatitis A vaccine included into EPI（χ^2=336.51,P〈0.01）. After hepatitis A vaccine included into EPI,the spring peak disappeared gradually,the peak age moved from youth towards aged,patients aged 40-60 years old accounted for 52.59% of total patients with virus hepatitis,and male-to-female ratio was（1.47-2.86）∶1.[Conclusion]The incidence rate of hepatitis A has decreased remarkably after hepatitis A vaccine included into EPI. It is necessary to continued to reinforce the hepatitis A vaccination,strengthen the health education,improve the sanitary conditions,and encourage the aged people to be vaccinated against hepatitis A.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎 免疫规划 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]