1970s～2000s玉米主栽品种灌浆与脱水速率研究  

Preliminary Study on Grain Filling and Dehydration Rate of Maize Hybrids Used Predominantly in 1970s-2000s

作　　者：刘艳秋[1] 李明顺[2] 李新海[2] 雍洪军[2] 颜娜[2] 周志强[2] 张晓星[2] 夏仁培 张德贵[2] 郝转芳[2] 翁建峰[2] 白丽[2] 史振声[1] 张世煌[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学特种玉米研究所,沈阳110161 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《玉米科学》2015年第1期85-91,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-01);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项

摘　　要：1970s推广玉米单交种,标志着我国利用玉米杂种优势育种从选育双交种转向选育单交种为主的阶段。不同年代玉米单交种的灌浆与脱水速率随着年代的更替所呈现的变化规律尚未引起关注。试验于2013年在中国农业科学院试验基地进行,以1970s^2000s大面积推广的14份单交种为试验材料,对不同年代玉米单交种各个时期的子粒、苞叶、穗轴含水量进行分析,计算和分析子粒、穗轴和苞叶的脱水速率及子粒灌浆速率。结果表明,2000年以后审定的新品种子粒灌浆速率快于以前的老品种;新品种的子粒百粒干重高于老品种;新品种的穗轴、苞叶和子粒的含水量均高于老品种。穗轴脱水速率则老品种明显快于新品种;子粒、苞叶脱水速率在不同年代品种之间并无明显差异。With the release of maize single-cross hybrids in 1970s, it marks the transition of hybrid maize breeding from double-crosses to single-crosses in China. The objective of this study was to analyze the variation patterns of grain filling and dehydration rates among different maize single-cross hybrids with the decades when the hy- brids released. Fourteen maize hybrids used predominantly in 4 decades, released from 1970s-2000s, were directly investigated for grain moisture, husk moisture and cob moisture in the Beijing experiment station of Chinese Acade- my of Agricultural Sciences, in 2013. Grain filling rate and dehydration rate, cob and husk were further calculated. The results showed that the modern hybrids performed higher moisture in cob, husk and grain than older hybrids. The same result was found for the trait of 100-grain weight. Modern hybrids showed a faster grain filling rate, but a slower cob dehydration rate than older hybrids. There was no significant variation identified in grain and husk dehydration rates.

关 键 词：玉米 年代 灌浆速率 脱水速率 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]