非充分滴灌对棉花成铃质量的影响  

Effect of Non-sufficient Irrigation on Cotton Bolls Quality

作　　者：焦晓玲[1] 巴图尔[1] 张巨松[1] 王静[1] 王丽红[1] 雷建峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/教育部棉花工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2015年第1期84-90,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD11B02)

摘　　要：旨在探明非充分滴灌对棉铃生长发育与纤维品质的影响,为棉田合理灌溉提供参考。选用中棉所49号与新陆中33号为供试材料,设置3个不同滴水量:3 450m3·hm-2(CK)、2 700m3·hm-2(W1)、1 950m3·hm-2(W2),研究非充分滴灌对棉花成铃的调控效应。结果表明:非充分滴灌轻度胁迫处理下伏前桃数量增加9.4%,单株成铃数降低18.4%;重度水分胁迫下"三桃"数量均下降,单株成铃数降低27.3%。棉铃干物质快速增加期持续的时间缩短3d,达到最大积累速率的时间提前2d,生育期提前8d。随干旱胁迫程度的加重棉铃体积下降,棉铃达最大体积所需时间缩短,所需时间随干旱胁迫程度的加重而减少。随灌水量的减少纤维长度变短,马克隆值增大,而在轻度水分胁迫下纤维强度增加。Effect of non-sufficient irrigation on cotton bolls quality is the base to determine the reasonable irrigation in cotton field.Two cotton varieties,CCRI 49 and Xinluzhong 33,were served as test materials,and three different drip gradient,including 3 450 m^3·hm^-2（CK）,2 700 m^3·hm^-2（W1）and 1 950m^3·hm^-2（W2）,were used to explore effect of no-sufficient irrigation on cotton bolling.The results showed that under mild drought stress of non-sufficient irrigation,bolls in pre-midsummer increased by 9.4%,and bolls per plant reduced by 18.4%;however,under the severe drought stress,bolls at three stages reduced,and bolls per plant reduced by 27.3%.Dry matter accumulation duration was shortened by 3days,and 2days earlier for the maximum accumulation rate,and 8days earlier for growth period.With increase degree of drought stress,cotton boll volume declined,and the time of the maximum volume required was shorter,which related to severity of drought stress.Drought resulted in shorter fiber length and higher Micronaire values.However,mild water stress enhanced fiber strength.

关 键 词：非充分滴灌 棉铃发育 棉铃生长 纤维品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]