基于E601-B型蒸发器大棚西瓜膜下滴灌试验研究  

Study on Irrigation Experiment of Watermelon Drip Irrigation Under Film Based on E601-B Evaporator in Plastic Shed

作　　者：任自力[1,2] 张显[2] 

机构地区：[1]乐山职业技术学院财经管理系,四川乐山614000 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第4期34-40,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系岗位科学家资助项目(CARS-26-18);乐山职业技术学院自然科学科研资助项目(KY2014021)

摘　　要：以‘农科大5’西瓜为试材,在不同生育阶段依据E601-B型蒸发器蒸发量控制灌水设置3个灌溉水平(Kcp:0.5Ep、1.0Ep、1.5Ep),研究大棚膜下滴灌条件不同生育阶段不同灌溉处理对西瓜产量、品质、需水量以及水分利用率的影响,分析灌水量、需水量与产量品质的关系以及需水规律。结果表明:在西瓜生长期内,大棚内的平均温度和平均蒸发器蒸发量显著正相关(R2=0.73,P<0.05),依此结论指导基于E601-B型蒸发器的棚室环境调控。T5的灌溉处理(苗期、开花坐果期、果实膨大期、成熟期Kcp分别为1Ep、1Ep、1.5Ep、0.5Ep)是基于E601-B型蒸发器大棚西瓜膜下滴灌的最优灌溉模式,可为西瓜科学灌溉提供参考。灌水量、需水量与果实产量呈对数显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.79、0.64(P<0.05)。灌水量、需水量与植株鲜重呈线性显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.80和0.50(P<0.05)。植株干重与灌水量、需水量的相关性不显著(P>0.05)。西瓜果实维生素C含量与全生育期需水量显著负相关(P<0.05);可溶性蛋白质含量与膨大成熟期灌水量显著正相关(P<0.05);可溶性固形物含量与膨大成熟期灌水量负相关。Taking watermelon cultivars named‘Nongkeda No.5＇as test materials,with irrigation water amount controlled by E601-B type evaporator/pan,the effects of different water supply conditions（Kcp：0.5Ep,1.0Ep,1.5Ep）in different growth stages on watermelon＇s yield,fruit quality,water use efficiency was studied,the relationship between irrigation water amount（Ir）,evapotranspiration（ET）and yield,fruit quality,and water requirement regulation were analyzed.The results showed that a very significant positive correlation between daily mean temperature（T）and daily mean pan evaporation（EP）were showed,and the correlation coefficients was 0.73（P0.05）,which could be used to guide controlling environment in plastic shed based on E601-B type evaporator/pan.Treatment 5（T5）was the best for watermelon production in plastic shed that irrigation Kcpin watermelon plant seedling stage,flowering and fruit bearing period,fruit development stage and fruit mature stage respectively were 1,1,1.5,1Ep,which could be used to provide information for precision management and scientific irrigation in plastic shed watermelon production.A very significant positive correlation between irrigation water amount,evapotranspiration and fruit yield,plant fresh weight（FW）were showed,and the correlation coefficients that respectively were 0.79,0.64,0.80,0.50（P0.05）.Correlation between plant dry weight and irrigation water amount,evapotranspiration were not be found.A very significant negative correlation between vitamin C content and plant evapotranspiration was showed,and the correlation coefficients was 0.57（P0.05）.And correlation coefficient of total soluble protein content（TSP）and water irrigation amount in fruit development and mature stage was 0.60（P0.05）.A negative correlation between total soluble solid content and water irrigation amount in fruit development and mature stage was showed,and the correlation coefficient was 0.31.

关 键 词：西瓜 灌溉 产量 品质 E601-B型蒸发器 大棚 节水高效农业 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学] S275[农业科学—园艺学]