滇西北不同海拔梯度下丽江云杉叶片的生态解剖结构特征研究  

An Eco-anatomical Study on Picea likiangensis Leaves at Different Gradient Elevations in Northwest of Yunnan

作　　者：唐探 姜永雷[1] 冯程程[1] 黄晓霞[1] 程小毛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第4期67-70,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(31100292);云南省应用基础面上资助项目(2010ZC267);"省部级重点学科;省高校重点实验室及校实验室共享平台"资助项目(0500050097401)

摘　　要：以滇西北丽江玉龙雪山自然保护区内的丽江云杉天然林为研究对象,采用生态解剖学的方法对不同海拔梯度(2 900、3 050、3 200、3 350m)上的丽江云杉叶片解剖结构特征进行比较研究,探究各参数的变化与海拔的相关性以及各指标之间的内在联系。结果表明:随着海拔的上升,叶片角质层厚度、上表皮厚度、韧皮部厚度、木质部厚度、转输组织厚度、内皮层厚度、维管束直径、叶片长短径均呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,并在海拔3 200m处达到最大值,当海拔超过3 200m时,各项参数均显著下降,说明玉龙雪山海拔3 200m附近最适宜丽江云杉的生长;此外,丽江云杉叶片解剖结构各项指标之间基本都具有相关性,且其叶片解剖结构的差异性表明不同海拔上的环境因子限制了丽江云杉的生长和分布,也体现了环境因子与植物的协同关系。Taking natural forest of Picea likiangensis as research object,which grow at different elevations（2 900,3 050,3 200,3 350 m）in Nature Reserve of Yulong Snow Mountain were investigated.Furthermore,the leaf anatomical characteristics of Picea likiangensis were also researched,and the correlation changes and the inner relationship in each index with altitude were studied.The results showed that the leaves cuticle thickness,upper epidermis thickness,phloem thickness,xylem thickness,transfusion tissue thickness,endothelial layer thickness,vascular diameter and leaves length and short diameters were all firstly increased and then declined with the increasing altitude,and reached their maximum at3 200 m.Besides,the parameters of leaf anatomical characteristics were decreased when the elevation above 3 200 m.Therefore,the optimum zone of Picea likiangensis was nearly at around 3 200 melevation.In addition,the leaf anatomical indexes of Picea likiangensis leaves＇ structure were nearly correlated with each other.The growth and distribution of Picea likiangensis were limited by the changes of complex environmental conditions along with the change of altitudes,which resulted in the differences of the leaf anatomical characteristics of Picea likiangensis.On the other hand,it also reflected the co-relationship between the environmental factors and plants＇ adaptions in a certain degree.

关 键 词：丽江云杉 叶片生态解剖 相关系数 海拔梯度 滇西北 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]