吡虫啉在小麦和土壤中的残留及消解动态研究  

Dissipation Dynamics and Residues of Imidacloprid in the Wheat Field Ecosystem

作　　者：仝东超 廉景燕[1] 徐应明[2] 赵立杰[2] 秦旭[2] 孙扬[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学化学化工学院,天津300384 [2]农业部环境保护科研监测所污染防治研究室,天津300191

出　　处：《山东化工》2015年第3期155-159,163,共6页Shandong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文研究了小麦和土壤中吡虫啉残留的高效液相色谱分析方法，并在天津、山东和吉林三地开展了吡虫啉在小麦和土壤中残留消解动态和最终残留田间试验研究。结果表明，在0．005、0．05和0．5mg·kg^-1的加标水平下，小麦粉和土壤中吡虫啉的加标回收率分别为82．03％-103．30％和82．03％-97．13％，变异系数分别为2．88％-10．6％和2．22％～8．98％；在0．01、0．1和1mg·kg^-1的加标水平下，小麦植株中吡虫啉的加标回收率为78．93％～89．44％，变异系数分别为0．38％～12．5％。吡虫啉在小麦籽粒和土壤中的最低检出浓度均为0．005mg·kg^-1，在植株中的最低检出浓度为0．01mg·kg^-1。田间试验结果表明：按照1．5倍推荐剂量在小麦苗期手动喷施600g·L^-1吡虫啉悬浮剂1次，吡虫啉在小麦植株和土壤中残留消解半衰期分别为4．4～8．7d和6．6～10．0d10按照推荐剂量和1．5倍推荐剂量在小麦蚜虫发生初期手动喷施600g·L^-1吡虫啉悬浮剂1-2次，2次施药间隔期为7d10试验结果表明，距最后一次施药14d时，小麦籽粒中吡虫啉的残留量均低于我国规定的吡虫啉在小麦中的最大残留限量值0．05mg·kg^-1。An analytical method using liguid chromatography to determine the residue of imidacloprid in wheat and soil was studied. The results showed that recoveries from untreated samples added with imidacloprid at 0. 005, 0.05, 0.5 mg·kg^-1 are 82.03%-03.30% and 82.03%-97.13%, with the variation coefficients of 2.88%-10.6% and 2.22% - 8.98% in wheat and soil for imidacloprid, respectively. The recovery rate and the relative standard deviations, of imidacloprid were 78.93% - 89.44% and 2.88% - 10.6% in wheat plants, at the spiking levels of 0.01,0.1, 1 mg·kg^-1imidacloprid. The detectable concentration is 0. 005 mg·kg^-1 for imidacloprid in wheat and soil and 0.01 mg·kg^-1 for imidaeloprid in wheat plants. It can be satisfactorily wheat and soil for determination of imidacloprid residue. The residue and dissipation dynamics of imidacloprid in wheat and soil under field experiments in Tianjin, Shandong and Jilin were investigated in this study. It was found that under field conditions, the dissipation half - lives of imidacloprid in wheat plants and soils was 4.4-8.7 d and 6.6-10. 0 d, respectively. When the recommended dosage and 1. 5 times recommended dosages of 600 g·L^-1 imidacloprid suspension concentrate was sprayed for 1-2 times at an interval of 7 d, the maximum residual concentration of imidacloprid on the 14 st day after the last application is lower than the MRL of imidacloprid in the wheat according to standards of ministry of agriculture of china （0.05 mg·kg^-1）.

关 键 词：吡虫啉 小麦 消解动态 最终残留 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]