宁夏引黄灌区双免耕对麦稻二熟制作物光合特性的影响  

Study on Photosynthetic Physiology of Paddy Rice-upland Wheat Rotation Double Cropping System with Double-zero-tillage in Yellow River Ningxia Basin

作　　者：袁海燕[1,2] 杨再强[1] 袁汉民[3] 徐华军[4] 董立国[3] 李红英[2] 段晓凤[2] 张学艺[2] 许建秋 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [2]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏气象科学研究所,银川750002 [3]宁夏农林科学院,银川750002 [4]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [5]银川市气象局气象台,银川750002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第33期69-78,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部"引进国际先进农业科学技术""948"项目"保护性耕作及机械装备关键技术的引进和研究开发"(2011-Z29);宁夏重点科技攻关项目"小麦品种资源搜集;保存;研究;利用和创新研究"(960317Z001);科技部成果转化项目"宁冬10号;11号及配套技术成果转化示范"(2009G30079);宁夏农业科技工程重大专项"冬小麦新品种选育及宁夏超级小麦研究"(KGZ-16-07-01);"冬麦种植北移技术扩大示范"(KGX-05-06-02);"保护性耕作及机械装备关键技术的研究开发"(KGZ-16-08-02);宁夏自然科学基金项目"宁夏保护性耕作农田小气候效应研究"(NZ0919)

摘　　要：为揭示双免耕对麦稻二熟制作物光合生理的影响规律,本项研究采用CIRAS-I型便携式光合测定仪,分别对连续4年进行麦稻水旱轮作双免耕和传统耕作处于抽穗期、灌浆期、乳熟期的冬小麦、水稻旗叶进行测定。结果表明,免耕的冬小麦品种‘宁冬11号’、水稻品种‘沙沙尼’的叶片光合生理正常,气孔调节功能较强,表现出水分利用效率高、CO2同化率高等特点。免耕的‘宁冬11号’、‘沙沙尼’的叶片净光合速率与传统耕作没有显著差异。麦稻水旱轮作双免耕的冬小麦、水稻之所以光合生理正常,而且气孔调节功能好、水分利用效率高,其主要原因是,连续4年冬小麦-水稻双免耕的0~40 cm土壤中的有机质含量、全氮量、全磷量、速效氮、速效磷明显提高。The purpose of the study focused on photosynthetic physiology of paddy rice-upland wheat rotationdouble cropping system with double- zero- tillage. The CIRAS- I Portable Photosynthesis was used. Winterwheat and rice flag leaves had been tested. The leaves＇ samples were taken in heading stage, grain filling stageand milk stage both in four year double-zero-tillage and in traditional tillage trails, respectably. The resultsshowed that zero tillage winter wheat variety‘Ningdong 11＇and rice variety‘Sha-Sha-Ni＇had normal photo-synthetic physiology. Their stoma regulation had better functions for water use efficiency（WUE）, higher ratesof CO2 assimilation in the certain times and other characters. However, there wasn＇t significant difference be-tween the conventional tillage and zero tillage for photosynthetic net rate of‘Ningdong 11＇, or of‘Sha-Sha-Ni＇s yet. The main reason was that organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen and avail-able phosphorus within 0-40 cm depth soil layer increased after four year double-zero-tillage-cropping in suc-cession with winter wheat-rice rotation system.

关 键 词：冬小麦 水稻 双免耕轮作 气孔导度 净光合速率 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]