阴/非离子表面活性剂强化微米Cu/Fe对水及土壤泥浆中有机氯农药的降解  

Anionic/Nonionic Surfactant Enhanced Microscale Cu/Fe Bimetal Degrading Chlordane and Mirex in Water and Soil Slurry

作　　者：万金忠[1,2] 马俞萍 张胜田[1,2] 龙涛[1,2] 林玉锁[1,2] 李群[1,2] 闵婕[3] 李川[3] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [3]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2014年第6期754-760,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：江苏省环保科研课题(2013026);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41201311);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2013);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：选择氯丹、硫丹和灭蚁灵为目标污染物，以实际污染场地土壤为对象，研究了表面活性剂强化微米Cu／Fe双金属对水和土壤泥浆中有机氯农药的降解效果。结果表明，非离子表面活性剂Triton X－100（ TX－100）强化效果优于阴离子的十二烷基磺酸钠（ SDS）。 TX－100强化微米Cu／Fe体系能实现水中有机氯农药的快速高效降解，最佳TX－100浓度为0？1 mmol·L－1。处理12 h后，γ－氯丹、硫丹和α－氯丹的降解率接近100％，灭蚁灵的降解率达到85.2％。对于土壤泥浆体系，偏酸性pH值对微米Cu／Fe的还原活性有重要作用。加入TX－100显著促进了微米Cu／Fe双金属对土壤中有机氯农药的还原降解（ P＜0.05）。 Cu负载量的提高增强了污染物的降解去除效果。当m（土）∶ V（水）为1∶5、土中Fe投加量w为10％、Cu负载量为5？0％、TX－100浓度为5？0 mmol·L－1、pH 值为4～5时，处理72 h后，γ－氯丹、硫丹、α－氯丹和灭蚁灵的降解率分别为83.5％、68.1％、86.8％和70.1％。 TX－100强化微米Cu／Fe双金属还原降解是一种有效的有机氯农药污染土壤修复技术。Chlordane, endosulfan and mirex were selected as target pollutant in bench scaled experiments using surfactant？enhanced microscale Cu/Fe bimetal to degrade organochlorine pesticides （ OCPs ） in water and soil slurry. Results show that Triton X-100 （ TX-100） , a nonionic surfactant, exhibited higher stimulative effect on Cu/Fe reactivity than sodium dodecyl sulfate （ SDS） , an anionic surfactant, did. The TX-100-Cu/Fe system could degrade OCPs in water rapidly and efficiently. The optimal TX-100 dosage was 0？1 mmol·L-1. Twelve hours after treatment, the degradation rate of γ-chlordane, endosulfan andα-chlordane reached nearly 100%, and that of mirex was also as high as 85.2%. In treating soil slurry, acidic pH was very important to a high reducing activity of the microscale Cu/Fe particles. The addition of TX-100 greatly promoted the effect of microscale Cu/Fe degrading OCPs in soil slurry. A higher proportion of Cu in the bimetal system led to enhanced removal of contaminants. When a soil/water suspension, 1 ∶ 5 in ratio, was amended with 10% of Fe and loaded with 5.0% of Cu and 5.0 mmol · L-1 TX-100, after 72 h of incubation in pH 4-5 had 83.5%, 68.1%, 86.8% and 70.1%, respectively, of the γ-chlordane, endosulfan,α-chlordane and mirex in the sus？pension degradation. The findings suggest that the TX-100 enhanced microscale Cu/Fe offers an efficient method for reme？diation of OCPs contaminated soils.

关 键 词：有机氯农药 土壤修复 表面活性剂 零价铁 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]