太湖西部地区8.2ka BP以来的高分辨率孢粉记录  

HIGH-RESOLUTION PALYNOLOGICAL RECORD IN THE WESTERN REGION OF TAIHU LAKE SINCE8.2 ka BP

作　　者：陆福志 朱诚[1] 马春梅[1] 张文卿[2] 李冰[1] 李开封[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023 [2]中国地质调查局水文地质工程地质技术方法研究所,河北保定071051

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2015年第1期116-123,共8页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41371204;41171163);国家科技基础性专项重点项目(No.2013FY111900);教育部国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.G1310284010);中国科学院湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(No.2012SKL003);中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(No.SKLLQG1206);国家社科重大基金(No.11&ZD183);国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2013BAK08B02);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;国家基础科学人才培养基金(No.J1103408);南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室资助项目;南京大学现代分析中心测试基金共同资助

摘　　要：通过AMS14 C测年技术建立年代标尺,对太湖西部地区LTD-12号钻孔301cm以上的岩芯进行高分辨率孢粉分析,重建太湖西部地区8.2ka BP以来的气候和植被,并探讨了太湖地区新石器文化对气候变化的响应。结果表明:1)太湖西部地区8.2ka BP以来的植被类型演替过程大体为:以松属—常绿栎—落叶栎—枫香为主的含针叶成分的常绿落叶阔叶林→以落叶栎-常绿栎-枫香树属为主的常绿落叶阔叶林→以松属-枫香为主的针阔叶混交林→以松属为主的次生性质的针叶林。2)太湖西部地区高分辨率孢粉记录的气候变化可划分为2个大的阶段:(a)8.2~4.4ka BP为中全新世温暖湿润期,最适宜期出现在6.9~5.5ka BP;(b)4.4ka BP^0ka BP为晚全新世降温期,气候从暖稍湿向暖干过渡。3)太湖地区的新石器文化总体上响应于气候的变化。环太湖平原地区至今未发现10~7ka BP的新石器遗址可能与当时过于潮湿和不稳定的气候环境有关;6.9~5.5ka BP温暖湿润的气候适合人类的生存,促使了马家浜文化的出现、繁荣和发展;5.0ka BP左右的干燥降温事件可能导致了崧泽文化的衰落;良渚文化的消亡可能与4.4ka BP前后该地区的气候突变事件有关。In this paper,by using AMS^14C method to establish the time scale and making high-resolution pollen analysis of the Drilling LTD-12 above 301 centimeters deep, we reconstructed the vegetation and cli- mate of the western region of Taihu Lake since 8.2 ka BP, and discussed the response of Neolithic Culture to climate change. The results showed that at the period of 8.2 ka BP to 4.4 ka BP, the climate was warm and humid on the whole, and the vegetation was evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest containing a little conifers, mainly donated by Pinus, Quercus and Liquidambar, and the most optimum period appeared in the period of 6.9 ka BP to 5.5 ka BP. After 4.4 ka BP, the climate was changing into cool and dry, comparing to the former period, and the vegetation was coniferous forest donated by Pinus, with a secondary property. The development of Neolithic Cultures in the region of Taihu Lake showed a good correlation with the climate change. For example, the Majiabang Culture and the Songze Culture appeared and prospered in the most warm and humid period of 6.9 ka BP to 5.5 ka BP, which was suitable for human being,s survival. However, the Songze Culture declined and finally disappeared when the climate changed into cool and dry. The pollen record also revealed that the disappearance of Liangzhu Culture may related to the 4.2 ka event. Why there were not any found Neolithic site from early Holocene to 7 ka BP, it may be a result of extremely humid climate, which was not suite for survival.

关 键 词：气候地层 AMS^14C 孢粉记录 植被演替 全新世 第四纪 太湖西部地区 江苏 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学] P539[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]