沙尘天气与儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的关联性分析  

Analysis on correlation between dust events and number of outpatients with childhood respiratory disorders

作　　者：刘晓丹[1] 申亚利[1] 徐林燕[1] 杜柯凝[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学护理学院儿科教研室,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省长春市儿童医院护理部,吉林长春130051

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2015年第1期190-194,共5页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：吉林省环保厅科研基金资助课题(2011-09)

摘　　要：目的:了解沙尘天气对儿童呼吸系统健康的影响,为更好地预防和治疗由沙尘粒子引起的儿童呼吸系统疾病提供参考依据。方法:对吉林省长春市6家三级甲等医院2011—2013年沙尘天气高发时段(3—5月)儿童呼吸系统疾病逐日门诊量进行调查,采用非季节性求和自回归滑动平均模型(ARIMA)排除医院日门诊量的长期趋势、气象和随机干扰因素后,分析沙尘天气对儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的影响。结果:2011—2013年3—5月沙尘天气与非沙尘天气比较,空气日均相对湿度、温度、二氧化硫(SO2)和二氧化氮(NO2)水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与非沙尘天气比较,沙尘天气时,大气中吸入颗粒物(PM10)日均浓度明显升高(P<0.05),2012和2013年风速明显升高(P<0.05)。沙尘天气对儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的增加有影响,且呈滞后效应。与非沙尘天气比较,发生在沙尘天气滞后第2和3天儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量增加有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:沙尘天气与儿童呼吸系统疾病日门诊量增加有关联,且呈滞后效应。Objective To understand the effect of dust events on the health of respiratory system of children,and to provide reference basis for the prevention and therapy of childhood respiratory disorders caused by dust particles.Methods The daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders from Month 1st to May 31 st in 2011,2012 and 2013were obtained from 6third-grade class-A hospitals in Changchun City.After excluding the long-term trend,meteorological factor and random interference by model ARIMA,regression analysis was used to analyze the association between dust events and the daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders.Results The changes in temperature,relative humidity,daily average temperature,SO2 and NO2in the dust event days had no significant differences compared with the non-dust event days in the past three years（P〉0.05）;the concentration of PM10 in dust events was increased significantly（P〈0.05）;the wind speeds were increased significantly in 2012 and 2013（P〈0.05）.The dust events had an effect on the number of daily outpatients of childhood respiratory disorders,and it was lag effect.Compared with the non-dust event days,the amount of daily outpatients of childhood respiratory disorders was increased significantly in post dust event days 2 and 3（P 0.05）.Conclusion The dust events has correlation with the daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders with the lag effect.

关 键 词：沙尘天气 儿童呼吸系统疾病 日门诊量 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R725.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]