多溴联苯醚的微生物降解研究进展  

Advances on microbial degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers

作　　者：杨志浩 吴鹏[2,3] 吴梅林[3] 刘基 

机构地区：[1]广东核力工程勘察院,广州510800 [2]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广州510300 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,广州510301

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第6期1224-1230,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270528;41206082);热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所)开放课题(LTO1408);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室资助项目(201508);广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金(LFE-2010-14)

摘　　要：多溴联苯醚(Polybrominated diphenyl ethers,PBDEs)作为一种阻燃剂在水体、土壤、沉积物和大气等自然环境中广泛存在。原本认为水溶性低而疏水性高的PBDEs很难被生物所利用,但近年研究表明微生物降解是PBDEs降解的一种重要机制,部分微生物能参与PBDEs降解过程。在有氧条件下,表面活性剂、共代谢基质和初始生长基质等都能影响微生物降解PBDEs;双加氧酶在PBDEs降解过程中起着关键作用。电子供体和助溶剂等则在微生物厌氧降解PBDEs过程中发挥重要作用,还原脱溴作用是微生物对PBDEs进行厌氧降解的主要机制。筛选PBDEs高效降解菌以及进一步揭示其降解机理对于修复PBDEs污染问题具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。Polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） as flame retardants are ubiquitous in a wide variety of environmental samples, ranging from water, soil, sediment and air. Due to the low solubility and high hydrophobicity of PBDEs, it is considered that organisms are not available to utilize PBDEs. However, recent studies indicate microbial degradation is a significant mechanism responsible for the PBDEs degradation. Under aerobic condition, surfactant, co-substrate and primary growth substrate can affect microbes to degrade PBDEs, and microbial dioxygenases generally involve in the aerobic degradation of PBDEs. Under anaerobic condition, electron donor and dissolved solvent play an important role in PBDEs removal, while reductive debromination is the main mechanism of anaerobic biodegradation of PBDEs. Isolations of high- efficient PBDEs-degradation microbes and comprehensive investigations of the mechanism about PBDEs biodegradation will be helpful for the remediation of environments contaminated with PBDEs.

关 键 词：多溴联苯醚 微生物降解 有氧降解 厌氧降解 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]