致密油储层压裂水平井产能预测与敏感性因素分析  

Productivity prediction and sensitivity analysis of fractured horizontal well in tight oil reservoirs

作　　者：魏漪[1] 冉启全[1] 童敏[1] 王强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2014年第6期691-699,共9页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863计划;2013AA064902)~~

摘　　要：在体积压裂模式下,致密油储层发育多尺度的不同介质,导致其渗流机理复杂,产量预测难度大。该文针对致密油独特的储层特征,结合实际生产动态特征,分为多生产阶段、多渗流区域,考虑启动压力梯度、压敏效应等非达西因子的影响,遵循质量守恒与势能守恒原理,建立了致密油储层压裂水平井产能预测模型。根据实际生产数据,通过产能模型,可以进行历史拟合,并反演得到相关参数,最终实现单井产能预测。同时,以产能模型为技术手段,分析了压裂水平井在致密油储层中的开发动态,考虑的产能敏感性因素主要包括非达西因子、水平段长度、裂缝条数、裂缝半长、裂缝导流能力等。实例计算表明,启动压力梯度和压敏效应对产能的影响较大,且压裂水平井产量并不是随着各影响因素值的增加而线性增大,考虑投入产出比,均应该存在一个相对最佳值或者最佳值范围。In tight oil reservoirs, under volume hydraulic fracturing, there are several different kinds of flow medium with different scales. The seepage mechanism is complex, so that it is very difficult to predict the productivity of fractured horizontal wells. On the basis of particular geologic characteristics, to be consistent with the actual production performance, in con- sideration of the impact of non-Darcy factors such as threshold pressure gradient and pressure sensitive effect on the production capacity, following the mass and potential conservation law, the productivity prediction model of fractured horizontalwell in tight oil reservoirs is established considering the whole production process which would be divided into three stages and three flow regions. This model can be applied in the practical reservoirs to run the history matching and obtain the correlative parameters that can be used to predict the productivity. In addition, the model can be used to analyze the effects of some factors on oil production that include non-Darcy factors, horizontal wellbore length, crack number, crack length, and crack flow conductivity, etc.. The computational results for a practical example show that the threshold pressure gradient and pressure sensitive effect have a great effect on production, and the production of fractured horizontal well does not increase linearly with the increase of values of factors affecting the production, but there should exist a relatively optimal value or range if considering the input-output ratio.

关 键 词：致密油 压裂水平井 压裂裂缝 启动压力梯度 压敏效应 

分 类 号：TE349[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]