粉末活性炭在原水输水渠道中输移的模拟研究  

Modeling of powdered activated carbon transport in raw water aqueduct

作　　者：尹海龙[1] 李新建[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2014年第6期733-738,共6页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11102137)~~

摘　　要：在原水输水管渠中投加粉末活性炭,对污染原水进行预处理,已经成为水源地突发污染事故条件下的应急处理技术手段。该文提出了粉炭在原水渠道中输移的数学模型及其解析解,并采用环形水槽试验手段确定了粉炭的动态沉降参数;以上海市黄浦江上游的原水输水管渠(>40 km)为研究对象,模拟了不同水流条件下竹炭沿输水渠道的浓度分布,确定了满足粉炭吸附效能的临界水流条件。研究结果表明:1竹炭动态沉降与水流条件有关,与粉炭起始投加浓度(<30 mg/L)无关;2竹炭沉降的临界水流剪切力为0.35 Pa,最大沉降速率为6.2×10–4 m/s;3研究对象中临界水流条件为日供水量达到峰值水量的40%以上。该研究建立的相关数学模型和物理模型试验方法,对基于原水输水渠道突发污染事故条件下城市应急供水方案论证,具有借鉴意义。Powdered activated carbon （PAC） has proved to be a widely used material for the removal of water pollutants. In recent years, to ensure city＇s drinking water supply under potential sudden water source pollution, PAC injection into raw water aqueduct to utilize prolonged PAC contact time in water, is focused. This paper presents a mathematical model and its analytical solution for PAC transport in raw water aqueduct, and the modeling parameter （i.e., dynamic PAC depostion rate） is ascertained using rotating circular flume experiment. The developed model is applied into simulating bambool charcoal concentration alongthe water aqueduct in one of the drinking water supply aqueduct for Shanghai, linking sources in the Huangpu River with municipal drinking water treatment plants, and therefore the critical water flowing pattern to obtain PAC efficiency is provided. It is concluded that： 1） dynamic PAC deposition depends on flowing pattern, but irrelevant to initial PAC dose （less than 30 mg/L usually）; 2） the maximum bamboo charcoal deposition rate is 6.2× 10^-4 m/s under still water, and it falls to zero as the fluid shear is above 0.35 Pa; 3） the water supply of above 40% of peak flow （i.e., 2.16×10^6 m3/d in this ease） could be considered as the critical operation parameter, avove which PAC adsorption efficiency in the raw water aqueduct could be guaranteed. Generally, the developed mathematical model coupling rotating flume experiment provides solution for city＇s emergency water supply aroused by sudden drinking water pollution incidents.

关 键 词：粉末活性炭 原水输水管渠 输移 沉降 临界水流条件 

分 类 号：TV142.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程]