天基合成孔径系统的光学特性  

Optical properties of space-based synthetic aperture systems

作　　者：王梦赑[1] 张高飞[1] 尤政[1] 王翀[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学精密仪器系,精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第10期1276-1281,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术项目(2013AA122601)

摘　　要：针对国内外天基合成孔径系统光学特性研究中忽略轨道运动规律的问题,该文开展了基于轨道运动学规律的天基合成孔径构型设计和光学特性研究。通过对星间相对运动方程解析解的分析,设计了同轨道面和不同轨道面两种不同构型的天基合成孔径系统方案,并进行了对比分析。结合具体构型,通过对基线覆盖率和调制传递函数(MTF)两个核心光学性能的研究,提出了旋转分时成像方法解决稀疏孔径MTF分布缺陷问题。仿真结果显示:通过"4个子卫星+1个主卫星"构型10次旋转成像叠加,可以实现某些光学特性与同等尺度单孔望远镜等效的目标。该方法有效解决了传递函数分布问题,在理论上实现了天基合成孔径等效成像。Orbital motion is often neglected in studies of the optical properties of space-based synthetic aperture systems.This study analyzes the effects of satellite formation on the optical properties of the aperture system.An equation for the relative motion of satellite formations is used to create a model for a space-based synthetic aperture system. The effects are given for two key optical properties,the baseline coverage and the modulation transfer function（MTF）,with rotation time-sharing imaging used to correct MTF defects for sparse synthetic apertures.Simulations show that superimposing imaging results from 10 rotations result in the optical properties of the ＂4sub-satellites＋1 main satellite＂configuration closely resembling the properties of a same scale single aperture telescope.The MTF distribution problem with a sparse synthetic aperture is solved and,in theory,the space-based synthetic aperture result is equivalent to an image for a single aperture telescope.

关 键 词：卫星编队 合成孔径 构型 光学特性 分时成像 

分 类 号：V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]