远航舰艇官兵皮肤细菌学变化的研究  

Study on skin bacteriological changes of naval officers and soldiers during long voyages

作　　者：韩善桥[1] 赵晓航[1] 何立东[1] 乔媛媛[1] 付凯飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院基础医学研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第1期4-7,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：全军医药卫生科研基金课题(CHJ12J025;BWS13J012);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA041201);国家自然科学基金(NSFC 31400107);清华大学-海军总医院海洋医学与救援联合研究中心资助

摘　　要：目的了解舰艇官兵执行远航任务前期、中期、后期皮肤细菌的变化特点,为舰艇官兵皮肤病和其他疾病的防治提供依据。方法用无菌采样拭子采集脐周皮肤标本150份,进行细菌培养和分纯,取纯培养细菌进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱仪(MALDI-TOF-MS)鉴定。结果从150份脐周皮肤标本分离出病原菌14种47株,主要病原菌有金黄色葡萄球菌、产酸克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌;分离出栖居菌11种181株,主要栖居菌有表皮葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌和头状葡萄球菌。任务后期与前期比较,病原菌数增加,栖居菌数减少。医疗组与机电组比较,任务前期、中期、后期脐周病原菌检出数之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),栖居菌检出数之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论远航期间舰艇官兵容易发生疲劳,免疫功能下降,皮肤正常栖居菌减少,而病原菌增加,容易发生皮肤病及其他疾病。Objective To investigate the skin bacteriological changes of naval officers and soldiers in long voyages,so as to provide basis to prevent dermatologic diseases and other diseases for them. Methods 150 samples of belly button were collected by swab,after culture and separation,bacteria were identified by matrix- assisted laser desorption / ionization time of flight mass spectrometry（ MALDI- TOF- MS）. Results 14 kinds of 47 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from belly button specimens. The main pathogenic bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella oxytoca,Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 181 dwelling bacteria of 11 kinds were isolated from belly button specimens. The main dwelling bacteria included Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus hominis,Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus capitis. Compared with early task,microbiome in post- task with increased pathogens and reduced dwelling bacteria. Additionally,It＇s statistically significant in pathogenic bacteria number（ P〈0. 05） between medical and electromechanical group before,during and after task,while dwelling bacteria number has no significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion During long sea voyage,naval officers prone to fatigue,resulting in decreased immune function,the number of dwelling bacteria reduce while the pathogenic bacteria increase,and thus easily lead to dermatologic diseases and other diseases.

关 键 词：病原菌 栖居菌 皮肤病 远航 舰艇官兵 

分 类 号：R83[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]