超声心动图在招飞体检心脏杂音判定中的应用价值  

Application experience of ultrasonic cardiogram used in medical selection of pilot cadets for identifying cardiac souffle

作　　者：高原[1] 许麾[1] 孙建威[1] 鲁媛媛[1] 左晋[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院海空勤体检中心,北京100048

出　　处：《转化医学杂志》2015年第1期45-48,共4页Translational Medicine Journal

基　　金：军队后勤科研重大项目计划(AHJ2011Z001)

摘　　要：目的探讨超声心动图在招飞体检心脏杂音判定中的应用价值。方法招飞全面检测中比较2010—2013年采用超声心动图检查与2006—2009年未采用超声心动图检查心脏杂音超标学生内科心脏杂音淘汰率的变化及淘汰结果分析。结果 2006—2009年心脏杂音超标学生淘汰率与2010—2013年超声心动图检查后心脏杂音超标学生淘汰率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。通过超声心动图对心脏杂音超标学生检测后发现,判定为病理性心脏杂音的学生为心脏杂音超标学生的37.8%,其中病理性瓣膜反流89例(48.4%)、左心室假腱索53例(28.8%)、瓣膜狭窄10例(5.4%)、右心房增大10例(5.4%)、房间隔缺损8例(4.3%)、室间隔缺损6例(3.3%)、肥厚性心肌病4例(2.2%)、动脉导管未闭4例(2.2%),病理性瓣膜反流、左心室假腱索是招飞体检中心脏杂音超标学生淘汰的主要原因。结论超声心动图检查为招飞体检心脏问题判定上提供了可靠依据,显著减少了心脏杂音超标学生淘汰率,通过对超声心动图淘汰结果分析为招飞体检心脏检查提供了宝贵经验。Objective To evaluate the value of adopting ultrasonic cardiogram for identifying cardiac souffle of pilot cadets candidates .Methods The elimination rate of pilot cadets candidates with cardiac souffle before adopting ultrasonic cardiogram ( UCG) in 2006-2009 was compared with that in 2010-2013 after adopting UCG , and the eliminate cause of UCG was analyzed .Results The elimination rate due to cardiac souffle in 2006-2009 was significantly higher than that in 2010-2013 ( P<0.01 ) .By echocardiography , students who exceed the standard of heart sounds were found with pathological murmurs taken up 37.8%, in which 89 cases ( 48.4%) accounted for pathological valvular regurgitation , 53 cases ( 28.8%) for left ventricular false tendons , both 10 cases ( 5.4%) for valve stenosis and right atrium enlargement , 8 cases ( 4.3%) for atrial septal defect , 6 cases ( 3.3%) for ventricular septal defect , both 4 cases ( 2.2%) for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and patent ductus arteriosus .Pathological valvular regurgitation and left ventricular false tendons were the main eliminate cause of cardiac souffle .Conclusion UCG can provide accurate objective basis for medical assessment of pilot cadets candidates , decrease the elimination rate of disqualification , and improve the quality of medical selection of pilot cadets .

关 键 词：超声心动图 心脏杂音 招飞体检 

分 类 号：R540.45[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R540.4[医药卫生—内科学]