吉林市城区浅层地下水污染源识别及空间分布  

Identification of shallow groundwater pollution factors and spatial distribution in the urban areas of Jilin City

作　　者：刘博[1] 肖长来[1] 梁秀娟[1] 张静 盛红勋 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林市水资源管理中心,吉林长春132400

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2015年第2期457-464,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点攻关项目(20100452);吉林省自然科学基金项目(20140101164JC)

摘　　要：为实现对吉林市城区浅层地下水污染源识别与管理,共收集吉林市城区2009年50个监测井的17项水质指标监测资料,通过因子分析法（FA）进行多元统计分析,提取5个公因子（F1~F5）作为影响浅层地下水水质的主要污染因子,然后找寻其对应污染源,同时利用因子得分绘制各污染源在吉林市城区地下水造成的污染程度及空间分布.结果表明：所选5个公因子分别代表：迁移-富集作用、含磷污染质排放、＂三氮＂污染因子、有机污染因子、原生地质环境因子,其中F1和F5又可称为环境影响因子,F2~F4为人类活动影响因子;城区内地下水污染源为生活污水、工业废水排放、工业废渣堆放及农业生产中化肥农药使用;各污染因子主要分布在江北区和中心区,且污染较为严重,而江南区污染分布最少,且污染最轻;计算城区内50个监测井地下水综合污染得分并作图,将吉林市城区浅层地下水的综合污染状况及分布可视化,其中江北区和中心区浅层地下水污染最严重,江南区地下水水质最好;依据F得分分布将区内地下水划分为3个区：禁止开采区、非饮用水区和饮用水区,为今后相关部门开发利用浅层地下水提供参考和依据.For groundwater contamination management and contamination source identification,we collected 50 groundwater samples in 2009 at Jilin City and 17 parameters were tested for each sample. The Factor Analysis（FA） method was then employed to assess the degree of groundwater contamination in the shallow aquifer and identify the contamination source. Five factors（F1~F5） were extracted to represent transmission and enrichment,phosphorus emission,ammonia-nitrite-nitrates pollution,organic pollution and natural geologic environment,respectively. In addition,F1 and F5 represented environmental influence factors,F2~F4 represented human influence factors. As a result,the groundwater pollution was mainly induced by domestic and industrial wastewater discharge,industrial waste residue,fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture. Moreover,according to the spatial distribution of five factors,we found that the groundwater pollution was more serious in the central and northern part of the city and becomes better in the south. Based on the resulting pollution distribution,three areas of the ban exploiting,no drinking water,drinking water were divided to support the exploration of groundwater resources in the shallow aquifers.

关 键 词：吉林市城区 因子分析 地下水水质 污染源识别 空间分布 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]