天津市老年人PM_(2.5)暴露研究  

Exposure of elderly to PM_(2.5) in Tianjin,China

作　　者：韩金保[1] 倪天茹[1] 李彭辉[2] 韩斌[3] 白志鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384 [3]中国环境科学研究院大气环境研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2015年第2期610-616,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2011CB503801);国家自然科学基金项目(20977054);天津市131创新人才计划(401007004)

摘　　要：为了解老年人PM2.5暴露特征并为流行病学研究提供数据支持,本研究选取天津市某社区101名老年人(平均年龄为67岁),在2011年夏季(6月13日~7月2日)和冬季(11月30日~12月12日)分别对其PM2.5暴露水平进行了监测,并对其时间活动模式进行了记录.结果显示,老年人平均85%以上的时间是在居室内度过的.夏季和冬季老年人PM2.5个体暴露浓度分别为(124.2±75.2)μg/m3和(170.8±126.6)μg/m3.使用时间加权模型对老年人个体暴露浓度进行预测,夏季和冬季个体暴露实测浓度与预测浓度差值分别为0.6~220.9μg/m3和0.6~416.8μg/m3.吸烟活动会导致老年人个体暴露浓度升高.相关性分析表明PM2.5个体暴露浓度与环境浓度的相关性强于其与室内浓度的相关性,这为使用环境浓度替代或预测个体暴露浓度提供了支持.This study aims to characterize personal PM2.5 exposure of elderlies and to provide data support for an epidemiological study that is to investigate potential health effects of PM pollution on Chinese elderly population. A total of 101 elderly participants with mean age of 67 were recruited for personal exposure measurements in Tianjin,China. Residential indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were monitored simultaneously in summer（13th June^2nd July） and winter（30th November^12th December） of 2011. The results showed that the participants spent more than 85% of their time at home. Personal PM2.5concentrations were（124.2±75.2） μg/m^3 in summer and（170.8±126.6） μg/m^3 in winter. After time adjustment based on personal activity,the difference between measured and estimated personal concentration were 0.6~220.9μg/m3 in summer and 0.6~416.8 μg/m3 in winter. Among the participants,smokers had higher personal PM2.5concentrations compared to non-smokers in both seasons. Personal PM2.5 concentrations were moderately correlated with indoor PM2.5concentrations and highly correlated with outdoor PM2.5 concentrations. This indicates that outdoor ambient PM2.5 level may be used as a surrogate to personal exposure of PM2.5.

关 键 词：老年人 PM2.5 个体暴露 时间活动模式 暴露预测 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]