福建省2004-2013年乙型肝炎特征分析  

Epidemiological features of Hepatitis B in Fujian from 2004 to 2013

作　　者：张冬娟[1] 洪荣涛[1] 郑金凤[1] 吴瑞红[1] 黄丽芳[1] 周勇[1] 杨秀惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2015年第1期18-22,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10002001-002-002)

摘　　要：目的为掌握福建省网络直报时代乙肝流行态势与特征。方法对下载国家传染病网络直报系统有关福建省2004-2013年乙肝病例个案信息库,采用SAS 9.2软件对数据进行汇总、清洗、分析福建省网络直报时代乙肝发病、死亡态势与流行特征。结果福建省2004-2013年乙肝报告发病率为152.36/10万,报告死亡率为0.051/10万,病死率为0.03%,报告发病率年平均递增1.68%;青年组报告发病率（240.19/10万）最高;中年组报告发病率（154.14/10万）与全省平均值相近;老年组报告发病率（118.85/10万）低于全省平均值;儿少组报告发病率（59.13/10万）最低;四组特征人群报告发病率差异有统计学意义（F=57.65,P〈0.01）。各市区报告发病率分布在103.83/10万~504.76/10万,差异有统计学意义（F=58.79,P〈0.01）,平潭综合实验区（504.76/10万）、福州市（240.44/10万）、莆田市（199.25/10万）高发。月份报告发病率分布在7.77/10万~30.86/10万,月份报告发病率差异有统计学意义（F=11.14,P〈0.01）,以每年1~3月份高发。急性乙肝发病率为54.63/10万,死亡率为0.004/10万,发病率年平均递减11.92%;尤其是儿少组人群,年平均递减22.38%,并且发病率（24.56/10万）明显低于成年人群。结论十年间福建省急性乙肝发病趋于下降,并以儿少组下降明显。但全人群乙肝的危害依然严峻,以福建东部沿海为重。急、慢性乙肝公共卫生意义不同,需要单列深入分析,提出不同特征人群针对性防控策略。Objective To understand the epidemiological features of Hepatitis B in Fujian province in the era of network direct report. Methods Data of Hepatitis B cases originated from Fujian province were retrieved from National Direct Network Reporting system for infectious diseases from 2004 to 2013.SAS 9.2software was used for data process and analysis. Results The reported incidence,mortality and fatality rates of Hepatitis B were 152.36,0.051 and 0.03 per 100,000 population in Fujian from 2004 to 2013.The reported incidence increased annually by 1.68%.It varied in different age groups with the highest in young adults（240.19）and the lowest in children（59.13）,the differences were significant among four age groups（F=57.65,P〈0.0001）.It also varied in different cities and districts with the highest in Pingtan（504.76）,Fuzhou（240.44）and Putan（199.25）.The peak season of Hepatitis B was from January to March.The incidence and mortality rate of acute hepatitis B were 54.63 and 0.004 per 100,000 population with the incidence decreasing by 11.92% each year,especially among children whose incidence much lower than adults. Conclusions The incidence of acute Hepatitis B keeps going down rapidly in ten years,especially among children.However,Hepatitis B in general is still one of the major infectious diseases which cause huge damage and specific prevention strategy needs to be further explored.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 流行病学特征 增减速度 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]