儿童肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇病毒A16型感染血清流行病学研究进展  

Research progress on seroepidemiological study of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 infection among children

作　　者：罗莉[1] 邢薇佳[1] 廖巧红[1] 余宏杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制处传染病监测预警重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2015年第2期184-188,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81473031）;李嘉诚牛津大学全球卫生计划（B9RST00-B900.57）;世界卫生组织项目（2013/34800-0,2013/347967-0,2013/347993-0、2013/347962-0、2013/347913-0、2013/347954-0、2013/347924-0）

摘　　要：手足口病由肠道病毒感染引起，以肠道病毒71型（EV—A71）和柯萨奇病毒A16型（CV—A16）最为常见，患者和隐性感染者均为传染源。通过血清学调查，可以掌握人群中EV—A71和CV—A16抗体水平，以及不同年龄段人群的易感性和免疫水平动态变化。通过对EV—A71和CV—A16血清流行病学科研文献进行检索和回顾性研究，系统分析了不同年龄人群中的EV—A71和CV．A16抗体水平，探讨人群易感性、免疫水平动态变化及人群感染状况。研究发现新生儿EV—A71和CV—A16中和抗体水平与母亲密切相关，接近成年人水平；随着母传抗体的自然衰减，在1年之内会迅速下降至最低水平；1～4岁时迅速升高，5岁之后将达到一个稳定水平。接种疫苗是预防手足口病感染的有效措施，现有研究提示6～12月龄为手足口病疫苗接种的最佳年龄段。Most common causative agents for hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） are enterovirus 71 （EV-A71） and coxsaekievirus A16 （CV-A16）. The symptomatic and asymptomatic cases could transmit the disease in population. Many sero-epidemiological surveys were launched to estimate the sero-incidence of EV-A71 and CV-A16 enterovirus, the susceptibility of different sub-population, and to observe the dynamics of neutralizing antibody. A literature search of sero-epidemiological study focused on EV-A71 or CV-A16 was conducted via PubMed and China Hospital Knowledge Database. Based on the 20 selected studies, the different age groups＇ antibody level, the susceptibility, the dynamics of antibody and sero-incidence of EV-A71 or CV-A16 were analyzed. From our results, the antibody level against EV-A71 or CV-A16 in neonates was associated with their mothers, which was similar with that of adults. The antibody level against EV-A71 or CV-A16 in neonates dropped to lowest level at one years-old, and started to dramatically increase until four years-old, and reached a plateau at five years-old. In conclusion, the infants aged 6 - 12 months were the priority group to receive vaccination when the EV-A71 vaccine is licensed in the future.

关 键 词：肠道病毒属 手足口病 血清流行病学研究 柯萨奇病毒A16 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]